【摘要】 突变体是进行基因功能研究的遗传学材料。本研究利用浓度为0～1.5%EMS溶液处理已萌发露白的陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum L.）鲁6269种子4～12 h,分析不同浓度的EMS溶液处理不同时间对棉花出苗率和生长的影响,并在M₂和M₃对突变体进行了初步的形态学鉴定。结果表明,1.0%EMS溶液处理10 h,鲁6269的出苗率为49%,为该材料的半致死浓度,诱变效果最佳。为了获得大量的突变体,利用该浓度,处理鲁6269萌发的种子（约10000粒）10 h,在M₂发现一株纤维发育异常（纤维成熟脱水后不蓬松）的突变体,收获该突变体自交种子,M3跟踪调查,发现该突变体纤维发育异常表型与M₂相同,种子解剖观察发现,该突变体种胚与外种皮之间存在一个大空腔,种胚弱小且扁瘪,影响种子的出土。本研究优化建立了陆地棉品种鲁6269种子EMS诱变体系,在M₃筛选获得一个种子与纤维发育异常的突变体sfm-1,为研究棉花种子及纤维发育提供了遗传学材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mutants are excellent genetic materials for revealing molecular mechanisms of important genes.In this research,the cotton seeds were mutagenized by different concentrations of EMS solution（0,0.2%,0.5%,1.0% and 1.5%）and processing duration（4 h,8 h,10 h and 12 h）,respectively,in order to optimize the reaction condition for EMS mutagenesis in upland cotton.Then,the effect of different EMS concentrations and treatment duration on germination rate and growth of sprouted cotton seeds was analyzed and the morphological characters of M₂ and M₃ generation were identified.The results showed that 1.0% EMS for 10 h was optimal for Lu6269 mutagenesis.The seed germination rate was about 49%,and the half lethal concentration is 1.0%.To obtain abundant mutants,approximated 10000 seeds of Lu6269 were treated with 1.0% EMS for 10 h.A fiber abnormal mutant（the fiber non-fluffy in the development of maturation,sfm-1）was found in the M₂ generation,and this phenotype was inherited by observing M₃ generation seeds.This mutant showed a large cavity between the embryo and the seed coat,a weak and small embryo as well as decreased unearthing of seeds.Taken together,by establishing the EMS mutagenesis system of Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Lu6269,we obtained sfm-1,a stable mutant for abnormal seed and fiber development,which served as the material foundation for fiber development,seed germination and function genome research in cotton.更多还原