【摘要】 农村生活垃圾分类处理是落实乡村振兴战略的重要实践,是提升人居环境质量和实现人民对美好生活向往的重要内容。本文基于陕西农村生活垃圾分类处理及资源化利用试点地区的调查,从供给主体视角出发,运用案例分析方法,比较4个试点村的基本情况、分类处理实践模式及供给主体,进一步综合评价各试点村的生活垃圾末端分类程度、资源化利用率、年单位成本资源化利用量、减量化及无害化处理效果。分析发现:资金投入是解决农村生活垃圾问题的关键之一,对于大多数的普通农村来说,并不能简单复制,而是要借鉴试点村的实践模式,扬长避短,因地制宜地选择有效的垃圾分类处理模式。因此,要全面实现农村生活垃圾分类处理,不仅要鼓励政府、市场、第三部门、农村社区及农户多主体参与合作供给,多渠道、多方式筹集资金,而且要加强宣传与奖惩力度,健全法治、德治、自治相结合的农村生活垃圾治理体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Classified treatment of rural domestic wastes is an important practice of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, and an important part of improving the quality of human settlement environment and realizing people’s longing for a better life. Based on the survey of pilot areas of rural domestic wastes classified treatment and resource utilization in Shaanxi and from the perspective of supply main body, this paper compares the basic situation, the practice mode of classified treatment, and the main body of supply of the four pilot villages using the case analysis method and further comprehensively evaluates the degree of end classification of domestic wastes, resource utilization rate, annual unit cost resource utilization, reduction and harmless treatment effect of each pilot village. The analysis shows that capital investment is one of the keys to solving the problem of rural domestic wastes. For most ordinary rural areas, the treatment mode cannot be simply copied. Instead, an effective waste classified treatment mode will be selected according to local conditions with reference made to the practice mode of the pilot villages. Therefore, in order to fully realize the classified treatment of rural domestic wastes, it is necessary not only to encourage the government, the market, the third sector, rural communities and farmers to participate in cooperative supply so as to raise funds through multiple channels and in multiple ways, but also to strengthen publicity, reward and punishment, and improve the rural domestic waste treatment system combining the rule of law, the rule of virtue, and self-governance.更多还原