【摘要】 合成生物学和所有高技术一样面临"两用困境":是造福人类,还是滥用知识而危害人类?这是生命伦理学家对合成生物学发展最关注的问题。因此,发展"知识伦理"来探究合成生物学知识的产生和使用、科学工作面临的责任与规范以及如何制定有效的关于知识错误传播与滥用的减少风险战略显得极为重要。通过伦理分析,我们认为,针对知识滥用需要适度的伦理管制,对科学家在知识错误传播和滥用的问题上需要仔细区分责任,而知识的内在价值与使用价值也不能完全剥离,而是应该在追求知识的真理性的同时造福人类并规避风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Synthetic biology faces the same "dual-use dilemma" as all high technologies: is it to benefit mankind or to abuse knowledge and harm mankind? This is the most important concern of bioethicists on the development of synthetic biology.Therefore, it is very important to develop an "ethics of knowledge" to explore the generation and use of synthetic biological knowledge, the responsibilities and norms faced by scientific work, and how to formulate effective reductions in the dissemination and abuse of knowledge.Through ethical analysis, we believe that the abuse of knowledge requires moderate ethical regulation, and the scientists need to carefully distinguish responsibility from the problem of misinformation and misuse of knowledge.Simultaneously, the intrinsic value and use value of knowledge cannot be completely divested. Instead, we should avoid risks and benefit mankind while pursuing the truth of knowledge.更多还原