【摘要】 【目的】为提高土壤盐分信息定量遥感提取精度,准确掌握土壤盐渍化程度与分布。【方法】选择垦利区黄河口镇集中连片的重度盐渍土区域为试验区,于2018年4月26日—28日采用搭载Sequoia多光谱相机的无人机进行试验区近地遥感图像采集,并进行图像拼接、辐射校正、正射校正和几何校正等预处理;然后基于相关性分析、灰色关联度分析筛选土壤盐分的敏感波段,构建并筛选光谱参量;进而分别采用多元线性回归（multivariable linear regression,MLR）、支持向量机（support vector machine,SVM）及偏最小二乘（partial least square,PLS）方法构建土壤盐分定量反演模型,并进行验证与评价;最后基于最佳模型进行试验区土壤盐分的分布反演与分析,并与反距离加权插值结果进行精度比较。【结果】相较相关性分析,通过灰色关联度分析的反演模型精度及显著性均有所提高;对比3种建模方法,SVM模型精度最高,PLS模型次之,MLR模型最低,最佳模型为基于灰色关联度分析筛选变量的支持向量机模型,其建模R²、RMSE分别为0.820、3.626,验证R²、RMSE、RPD分别为0.773、4.960、2.200;据此模型反演得到该区域土壤盐分含量为0.323—21.210 g·kg^-1,平均值为6.871 g·kg^-1,重度盐渍土占58.094%,与实地调查结果较为一致;反演结果与反距离加权插值结果的误差80%控制在样本盐分含量平均值的20%以内,亦较为相近。【结论】基于无人机多光谱可实现重度盐渍土盐分信息的准确提取。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The purpose of this paper was to improve the extraction accuracy of soil salinity information based on remote sensing and understand accurately the degree and distribution of soil salinization. 【Method】Firstly, the severe and concentrated saline soil area of Huanghekou town, Kenli district, was selected as the experimental area, and the unmanned aerial vehicle（UAV） equipped with Sequoia multispectral camera was adopted to acquire the near earth remote sensing image from April26 th to 28 th, 2018, then the image preprocessing, including image splicing, radiation correction, orthorectification and geometric correction, was performed. Secondly, the sensitive bands of soil salinity were screened by correlation analysis and grey correlation analysis, respectively, and the spectral parameters were constructed and screened. Thirdly, the soil salinity quantitative analysis models were built by multivariate linear regression（MLR）, support vector machine（SVM） and partial least square（PLS） method,then the models’ accuracy was evaluated and the best one was selected. Finally, the best model was applied to the inversion and analysis of soil salinity distribution in the experimental area, and the inversion accuracy was compared with the interpolation result by inverse distance weighting（IDW） method. 【Result】The results showed that the accuracy and significance of the estimation model based on gray correlation analysis were improved by compared with the correlation analysis; Compared the three modeling methods, the prediction ability of the SVM was the best, followed by the PLS, the MLR models’ precision was the lowest, with the calibration R2 and RMSE of 0.820 and 3.626, the validation R2, RMSE and RPD of 0.773, 4.960 and 2.200, and the SVM model of soil salinity based on screened variables by grey correlation analysis was selected the best one; Based on the best model, the soil salinity content in this region was between 0.323 and 21.210 g·kg^-1 with the average of 6.871 g·kg^-1 and the severe salinity accounted for 58.094%, which was consistent with the result of the field investigation; The 80% of the error between the inversion result and the interpolation result by the IDW method was controlled within 20% of the sample salt content average, which showed that the two kind of result were similar. 【Conclusion】It could be concluded that the accurate extraction of severe soil salinity information could be achieved on the UAV multi-spectra.更多还原