【摘要】 为研究辽宁地区不同等级冰雹发生时的环境场特征,寻找致雹物理参量特征及雷达临近预警指标,利用辽宁地区2006—2015年常规地面气象观测资料、美国国家环境预报中心NCEP/FNL (1°×1°)以及辽宁省内新一代多普勒天气雷达资料,详细分析并归纳了辽宁地区降雹时间内的物理参数特征及雷达回波指标。结果表明:冰雹天气发生时水汽条件表现为整层大气可降水量随冰雹等级增大而增大,850 h Pa和500 hPa温度差在各等级之间不明显,均值大于24℃,0～6 km垂直风切变明显高于正常日。特征层高度在6、7月高于5、8、9月,红色级别特征层高度略低于其他级别。雷达特征表现为随冰雹等级增大,回波中心强度、液态水含量及回波顶高都增加,其中液态水含量、回波顶高在红色冰雹发生时分别可以达到60 kg/m2和14 km,上述两项指标在短临预报预警中判别冰雹等级具有一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 To find the characteristics of the environmental parameters of hail with different levels, seek the physical parameters and early-warning index of hail, based on NCEP/FNL(1°×1°) and Doppler weather radar data from 2006 to 2015, the physical parameters and radar echo were analyzed. The results showed that the precipitation capacity of the whole atmosphere increased with the increase of hail grade, the temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa was higher than 24℃, but not significant between each level. The vertical wind shear of 0～6 km was obviously higher than that of normal day. The height of characteristic level of June and July was higher than that of May, August and September. Layer height of red grade was slightly lower than that of others. Radar echo center intense, liquid water content and the top of echo increased with the increase of hail grade, and when the red hail occurred, the liquid water content reached 60 kg/m2 and the top of echo reached 14 km, these two parameters had guiding significance in short time forecast.更多还原