【摘要】 为定量研究湖南省人体舒适度指数时空变化特征,选取湖南省32个国家级气象观测站1977—2011年逐日气象数据,计算湖南省人体舒适度指数和不同舒适度等级日数气候特征及气候倾向率,采用反距离权重法进行空间插值分析,并利用Mann-Kendall法进行趋势检验和突变检测。结果表明:(1)湖南省人体舒适度级别主要以舒适为主,湘西南和湘东南地区最舒适,湘中地区最不舒适,最舒适的月份是5月和10月,最热不舒适的月份是7月和8月,最冷不舒适的月份是1月,寒冷等级和炎热等级日数极少,无酷热情况出现;(2)湖南人体舒适度指数数值上升趋势显著,冷不舒适级别日数显著减少,舒适级别和热不舒适级别日数在增加;(3)各级别舒适度日数变化最小的地区是湘西北,湘北和湘中地区由冷不舒适级别向舒适级别转变和舒适级别向热不舒适级别转变并重,湘西南和湘东南地区由冷不舒适级别向舒适级别转变显著;(4)湖南人体舒适度指数平均数值的显著增加和冷不舒适级别日数显著减少均属于突变现象,突变发生在20世纪90年代以后,21世纪初开始变化尤为显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 To quantitatively study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of human comfort index in Hunan, daily meteorological data of 32 national meteorological stations in the province from 1977 to 2011 were selected to calculate the human comfort index and the climate characteristics and climatic tendency rates of different comfort level days, the inverse distance weight method was used for spatial interpolation analysis, and Mann-Kendall method was used for trend test and abrupt change detection. The results showed that:(1) comfort was the main human comfort level in Hunan, southwest and southeast Hunan were the most comfortable areas,central Hunan was the least comfortable area, May and October were the most comfortable months, July and August were the most uncomfortable hot months, January was the most uncomfortable cold month, there was few days reaching frigid level and torridity level, no extremely hot weather;(2) the human comfort index value in Hunan rose significantly, the days of uncomfortably cold level decreased significantly, while the days of comfortable level and uncomfortably hot level increased;(3) comfort days of all levels changed the minimum in northwest Hunan, chances of changes from uncomfortably cold level to comfortable level and from comfortable level to uncomfortably hot level in north Hunan and central Hunan were equal, changes from uncomfortably cold level to comfortable level were significant in southwest and southeast Hunan;(4) the significant increase of average human comfort index value and the significant decrease of days of uncomfortably cold level in Hunan were mutations, which occurred later in the 1990 s and became especially significant at the beginning of the 21 st century.更多还原