【摘要】 同心县作为宁夏中部干旱带的核心区域,自第二次土壤普查已经历30年,土壤肥力已发生深刻变化,为明确同心县农田土壤肥力现状,利用2008—2012年同心县测土配方施肥项目的2000份土壤肥力指标数据,采用One-anova统计描述、主成分分析法进行分析,并与第二次土壤普查数据对比。结果表明:与第二次土壤普查结果相比,土壤有机质下降12.2%,全氮下降10.5%,碱解氮含量基本持平,有效磷提高121.4%,速效钾下降4.8%。土壤pH 8.77,与土壤全盐、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾极显著的负相关(P<0.01),全盐为0.30 g/kg,与有效磷呈正相关,但无显著差异,与其他指标呈负相关,有机质为7.08 g/kg,与全氮、速效氮磷钾养分之间有极显著正相关性(P<0.01),全氮为0.57 g/kg,与碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量有极显著正相关(P<0.01),碱解氮为36.07 mg/kg,有效磷为14.77 mg/kg,速效钾为170.63 mg/kg,速效氮磷钾之间均呈显著极显著正相关。建议该区域在农业生产过程中选择酸性土壤调理剂降低土壤碱化程度,重视生理酸性肥料的应用,以实现区域农田土壤肥力的提升和养分的平衡供应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tongxin County is the core area in the arid region of central Ningxia. 30 years since the 2 ndnational soil investigation, soil fertility has undergone profound changes. To understand the soil fertility characteristics of farmland in Tongxin County, 2000 soil samples were collected from Tongxin County from 2008 to 2012. The soil fertility data of these samples were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and principal component analysis,and compared with the data from the 2 nd national soil investigation. The results showed that compared with the data of the 2 nd national soil investigation, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium decreased by 12.2%nitrogen remained at the same level. The average pH value of farmland soil was 8.77, showing significantly negative correlations with the content of soil total salt, organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium(P<0.01). Soil total salt was 0.30 g/kg, showing a positive correlation with available phosphorus without significant difference. However, soil total salt was negatively correlated with other soil indexes. The soil organic matter content was 7.08 g/kg, showing significantly positive correlations with total nitrogen, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium(P<0.01). Soil total nitrogen content was 0.57 g/kg, showing significantly positive correlations with available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium(P<0.01). The contents of soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 36.07, 14.77 and170.63 mg/kg, respectively, showing significantly positive correlations with each other. It is suggested to use effective methods to increase soil fertility and to balance nutrition supply, such as choosing acid soil conditioner in cultivation to alleviate soil alkalization, emphasizing the application of physiological acid fertilizer.更多还原