【摘要】 目的:了解震后1年北川小学生创伤症状的严重程度及风险因素。方法:在汶川地震1年后,整群抽样北川地区两所小学的715名3-5年级学生。使用自编基本情况问卷和儿童用创伤症状量表简版测查。结果:震后1年小学生的焦虑症状最为突出,其次是抑郁、创伤后应激障碍和分离,愤怒症状最弱。震前创伤、丧亲和当时感到强烈的害怕/无助/恐惧能显著预测创伤症状的各个维度;受伤和目睹死亡能预测PTSD症状和分离症状;男生的焦虑症状更严重。结论:震后1年灾区小学生心理健康状况仍然不容乐观,应当继续坚持心理辅导和干预,并特别关注有震前创伤、创伤暴露水平高(丧亲、受伤、目睹死亡)、和震时情绪反应强烈的学生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the post-trauma symptoms among children in Mianyang,Sichuan,and to explore their risk factors one year after the 5.12 earthquake.Methods:715 primary school students,aged 10.76 on average,were sampled in early June,2009.The instruments used were a self-made scale to survey participants’ basic information and Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children-Alternate(TSCC-A) to measure anxiety,depression,PTSD,anger,and dissociation.Results:The prevalence of above mentioned symptoms was 18.9%,11.3%,11.2%,3.9% and 10.2%,respectively.According to stepwise regression,prior trauma experience,bereavement and instant fear could significantly predict every aspect of trauma symptoms,having been injured and having witnessed death could predict PTSD and dissociation,and males’ anxiety was even more severe.Conclusion:The mental health problem is still common among children one year after the earthquake,and those who have prior trauma experience,higher level of trauma exposure and instant fear need more attention.更多还原