【摘要】 越来越多的证据表明,应激可导致心血管疾病。慢性应激通过神经内分泌和免疫系统(交感神经系统和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴),以及相关慢性危险因素(胰岛素抵抗、高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症等)的介导,增加非稳态负荷(allostaticload)而促进动脉粥样硬化进程。而急性应激通过激活交感神经系统和增强急性危险因素(血压增高、内皮功能障碍、血液粘度增加以及血小板和凝血的激活)而可触发心血管事件。地震是自然发生的急慢性应激的典型例证。因此,研究震后触发心血管事件的因素和机制,对于心血管疾病和心血管事件的防控具有重要意义。本文回顾了既往地震诱发心血管疾病和心血管事件的可能机制,并提出了可能的防控措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 There is increasing evidence that stress contributes to cardiovascular disease.Chronic stress can precipitate the atherosclerotic process through increased allostatic load,which is mediated by the neuroendocrine systems(sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis),and through related chronic risk factors(insulin resistance,hypertension,diabetes and hyperlipidemia).On the other hand,acute stress can trigger cardiovascular events through sympathetic nervous activation and enhancement of acute risk factors(increased blood pressure,endothelial cell dysfunction,increased blood viscosity,and platelet and hemostatic activation).Earthquake represents a good example of naturally occurring acute and chronic stress.Thus,in order to develop applicable prevention strategies,it is important to investigate factors and potential mechanisms by which cardiovascular events are triggered following earthquake.In this review we refine some possible mechanisms by which earthquake impacts on cardiovascular system from previously published literatures,and suggest some possible approaches to preventing cardiovascular events associated with earthquake.更多还原