【摘要】 深度共熔溶剂通常是由一定化学计量比的胆碱盐(氢键受体)和氢键供体组合而成的低共熔混合物,具有绿色环保、不易挥发、可降解、价格低廉、容易得到且易于制备、反应产物分离简单等优点。目前,以氯化胆碱为基体合成的新型深度共熔溶剂体系被广泛应用于木质纤维生物质组分分级处理、生物油的组分萃取和平台化合物转化等。国内外大量实验研究表明,木质纤维生物质组分可以溶解在特定的深度共熔溶剂中,对纤维素和木素等组分进行分级分离处理。将这一新产品和工艺应用于生物质精炼或造纸工业生产过程中,可使过程生产能耗下降40%左右。尤其是由氯化胆碱和乳酸合成的深度共熔溶剂,它对酚类化合物和芳烃的萃取有着较高的选择性能,具有很强溶解木素的能力,能够将生物质中大量木素脱除,脱除效率远远高于稀酸预处理生物质的脱木素效率。本文从木素结构、深度共熔溶剂的组成分类、深度共熔溶剂分离木素效率和深度共熔溶剂的回用等方面综述深度共熔溶剂在木素分离中的应用,并对目前研究中存在的问题进行讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Deep eutectic solvent is typically an eutectic mixture with the combination of choline salts(hydrogen bond acceptor,HBA)and hydrogen bond donor(HBD) at a certain molar ratio. It has the advantages of being green, non-volatile, degradable, cheap,common and preparation easily, and simple to separate reaction products. At present, a new deep eutectic solvent based on choline chloride is widely used in the classified of lignocellulosic biomass components, components extraction of bio-oil and conversion of platform compounds. Many studies at domestic and abroad showed that lignocellulosic biomass can be dissolved in specific deep eutectic solvents to fractionation cellulose and lignin. And this new solvent and technology can be applied into biomass refining or papermaking industrial production, the energy consumption in process production cost can be reduced by about 40%. Especially, the deep eutectic solvent mixed with choline chloride and lactic acid has a high selectivity to the extraction of phenolic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons, and has a strong ability to dissolve lignin, which is great capable of delignin in biomass. Removal rate is much higher than the delignification efficiency of dilute acid pretreated biomass. This paper elaborated the application of deep eutectic solvent in lignin separation and reviewed lignin structure, composition classification of deep eutectic solvent, character of deep eutectic solvent in delignin efficiency and recycling in treatment, and also the problems in treatment of deep eutectic solvent were discussed.更多还原