【摘要】 "一带一路"是"丝绸之路经济带"和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"的简称,贯穿亚欧非大陆,沿线特殊岩土体类别多、分布广、工程性质复杂多样,严重威胁沿线基础设施的顺利建设和安全运营。通过收集资料与查阅文献,总结了"一带一路"沿线特殊岩土主要包括黄土、冻土、沙漠土、珊瑚礁、非洲红砂和膨胀土的基本特征、分布概况与工程特性;分析了工程建设中可能出现的地质灾害问题、地基稳定问题、路基稳定问题和生态环境问题;为了减少重大工程建设中的灾害风险,提出了四点应对措施:①编制特殊岩土体分布图,②建立地质灾害数据库并研发防灾减灾关键技术,③研发特殊土地区地基与路基处理的关键技术,④利用科学手段保护生态环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 One Belt One Road is the abbreviation of Silk Road Economic Belt and 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road, and it runs though the Asia-Europe and non-continental continents. With complex and diversity engineering properties, many types of special soil and rock are widely distributed, which seriously threatens the infrastructure along the route. By collecting data and consulting the literature, this paper attempts to summarize the basic characteristics, distribution and engineering characteristics of special soil and rock, including in loess, frozen soil, desert soil, coral reef, African red sand and expansive soil, along One Belt One Road. In the above, the geological disasters, foundation stability problems, roadbed stability problems and ecological environment problems that may occur in the construction of the project are analyzed. In order to reduce the risk of hazards in major construction, four counter measures are proposed:(1) to draw the distribution maps of special soil and rock,(2) to establish the geological disaster database and develop the key technologies for disaster prevention and reduction,(3) to study the key technologies for foundation and roadbed treatment,(4) to protect the ecological environment with using scientific method.更多还原