【摘要】 以2010年4月14日青海玉树7.1级地震为例,借助问卷调查,对该地区小学生响应地震灾害的现状进行了调查分析,得出以下主要结论:玉树地区小学生响应地震灾害的水平整体偏低;多数小学生在地震发生时没有采取紧急避震或逃生的措施,但大部分小学生都具有帮助和解救他人的意愿;多数小学生容易受地震谣言的影响,其抵御地震谣言的能力还比较弱;地震发生之后,小学生不同程度地出现了害怕、慌乱和悲伤等不良情绪,但多数小学生能在较短时间内恢复对学习和生活的信心。今后,应当以学校课堂教学为主,结合其它有效途径向小学生宣传地震灾害和知识,提高小学生辨识地震谣言的能力;向小学生传授行之有效的自救互救技能,并且要加强针对性的应急演练;同时还要培养小学生的心理素质,全面提升小学生响应地震灾害的水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking M7.1 earthquake occurred in Yushu area,Qinghai Province on April 14th,2010 as the case disaster event,the present situation of elementary school students’ response to earthquake disaster in Yushu area is analyzed preliminarily through questionnaire survey.The main conclusions are as follows: The total level on responding the earthquake disaster of elementary school students in Yushu area is low.Most of the students didn’t take measures of emergency evacuation,but the majority of them have the willingness to help and rescue others.Most pupils are susceptible to the influence of earthquake rumors and the ability of them to resist earthquake rumors is relatively weak.After the earthquake,the elementary school students had fear,panic,sorrow or other bad mood but most of them recover confidence in life and learning in a short period of time.Henceforth,the publicity of earthquake disaster should rely mainly on the classroom education,combined with other effective ways to improve their capabilities of identifying earthquake rumors,to teach them skills of self-help and mutual aid and strengthen the emergency maneuver.Furthermore psychological qualities of the pupils are need to be developed to enhance their capabilities of response to earthquake disaster.更多还原