【摘要】 现代农业要求农业生产者实时、准确、全面地了解农作物的生长环境和生长状态。与传统的人工田间调查方式相比,无人机是一种高效的农田信息获取平台。本研究将自主研发的八旋翼无人机与农田信息采集设备进行整合,形成了一套用于农情监测的无人机系统,实现了无人机按照预设航线自动巡航并采集农田遥感图像、地理位置信息以及环境照度信息。经测试,在飞行中,图像采集设备能够稳定维持垂直对地的姿态并进行拍摄,采集的数据能够拼接成完整的农田正射影遥感图像。测试结果表明研发的无人机系统能够满足低空农情监测作业要求。与商业化产品相比,该系统避免了因任务设备与飞机独立工作而导致重拍、漏拍的情况,实现了无人机与任务设备高效协同作业。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern agriculture production, to obtain real-time, accurate and comprehensive information of the farmlands is necessary for farmers. Unmanned Aircraft System(UAS) is one of the most popular platforms for agricultural information monitoring, especially the multi-rotor aircraft due to its simplicity of operation. It is easy to control the speed and altitude of multi-rotor aircraft, even at low altitude. The above features enable multi-rotor UAS to acquire high-resolution images at low altitudes by integrating different imaging sensors. The aim of this work was to develop an octocopter UAS for agricultural information monitoring. In order to obtain the high-resolution aerial images of the entire experimental field, the Sony Nex-7 camera was attached to the aircraft. According to the real-time position of the aircraft got from global position system(GPS) and inertial measurement unit(IMU), the flight control system of the aircraft will send signals to control the camera to capture images at desired locations. Besides, position and orientation system(POS) and an illuminance sensor were loaded on the aircraft to get the location, shooting angle and ambient illumination information of each image. The system can be used to collect the remote sensing data of a field, and the performance was comprehensively evaluated in the field of oilseed rape experimental station in Zhuji, Zhejiang Province, China. The result shows that the system can keep the camera optical axis perpendicular to the ground during the operation. Because the effective communication was established between the mission equipment and the flight control system, the UAS can accurately acquire the images at the pre-defined locations, which improved the operation efficiency of the system. The images collected by the system can be mosaicked into an image of the whole field. In summary, the system can satisfy the demand for the agricultural information collection.更多还原