【摘要】 以通用土壤流失方程为基础,选择降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、地形起伏度、植被覆盖自然因子作为土壤侵蚀敏感性的评价指标,根据汶川地震重灾区自然环境特征,制定评价指标的分级标准,在GIS技术支持下生成单因子敏感性评价图,在此基础上基于ArcGIS的空间叠加分析功能,完成单因子的叠加运算,从而实现土壤侵蚀敏感性综合评价。结果表明:研究区土壤侵蚀敏感性以高度敏感和中度敏感为主,轻度敏感次之,不敏感和极敏感所占比例较小。空间上土壤侵蚀敏感性呈块状不连续分布,但侵蚀敏感性区域又相对集中,分布特征与地貌类型关系较大。针对不同的土壤侵蚀敏感等级,提出了相应的水土保持对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 Selecting natural factors of eroding force of precipitation,soil erodibility,topography and vegetation coverage as the indexes for sensitivity evaluation of soil erosion,the paper prepares grading standards of evaluation indexes by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE),based on the characteristics of natural environment of the harder-hit area of Wenchuan earthquake.It produces single-factor map of sensitivity evaluation with the support of GIS,and completes overlapping calculation with single-factor based on the map and the function of spatial overlapping analysis of ArcGIS,and achieves integrated sensitivity evaluation of soil erosion.The outcomes show that highly and medium sensitivities are the main types of soil sensitivity,and the second is slight sensitivity,and the area proportion of insensitivity or non-sensitivity are smaller.The spatial distribution of soil erosion sensitivity assumes block-discontinuous,but the region of erosion sensitivity is relatively centralized and the distribution characteristics closely related to geomorphologic types.It puts forward relevant countermeasures for soil and water conservation based on different ratings of soil erosion sensitivity.更多还原