【摘要】 党的十九大决定"实施乡村振兴战略",着力破解城乡发展不平衡与乡村发展不充分问题,促进城乡融合,解决"三农"问题。针对乡村发展的现状特征与变动趋向,开展村庄尺度乡村发展水平评价及类型识别研究,对于厘清乡村发展的内部差异与多元趋向,助力乡村振兴意义重大。研究采取"发展-重构"综合评价方法对山东省淄博市昆仑镇进行实证研究,通过选取与生产、生活和生态功能相关的数据指标,分别建构村庄发展度与重构度评价指标体系,进而运用因子分析法提取二者的公因子并计算综合评价得分,二维组合聚类评价结果后提出发展度高-重构度高、发展度高-重构度低、发展度低-重构度高和发展度低-重构度低4种一级发展类型,及其呈现的"热点-过渡-冷点"圈层分布特征。在此基础之上,运用系统聚类方法逐类分析一级发展类型村庄,依据因子特征与现场调研情况进一步识别出城镇集聚型、村庄集聚型、均衡稳定型、生产收缩型、生活收缩型、生产衰退型与生态衰退型7个二级发展类型,明确各类村庄发展的特征与需求。基于上述分析,提出优化镇村空间格局和城乡产业分工促进区域城乡融合,以及立足村庄发展需求施行要素差异化供给的策略建议,以期提高乡村可持续发展能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report of 19th CPC National Congress puts forward rural revitalization strategy,which bridges the gap between city and country in order to promote urban-rural integration,and solves inadequate development in rural areas and ‘Sannong ’ problem.According to the present characteristics and changing trend of rural development,it is essential to evaluate and recognize the development type of different villages,which will contribute to cope with rural multi-development tendency and promote the rural revitalization. Taking the town of Kunlun in Shandong Povince as an example,this paper chooses data of functions of ecology,production and living to construct relevant indexes and utilizes the comprehensive assessment method to estimate the degree of development and reconstruction in each village,which is called ‘development-reconstruction’system. Firstly,the factor analysis is adopted to extract common factors and calculate their comprehensive score of these villages. Through cluster analysis for the score above,four primary types and their ‘hot-transition-cold’circle structure are proposed,including ‘high-high’,‘high-low’,‘lowhigh’and‘low-low’. Secondly,system clustering method is used to recognize seven secondary types depending on the primary types,including‘town convergency type’,‘rural convergency type’,‘balanced type’,‘production retraction type’,‘living retraction type’,‘production recession type’,and ‘ecology recession type’,and distinguish their development characteristics and demands according to the common factors and local research. Finally,the corresponding strategies are put forward to enhance the capability for sustainable development, including promoting urban-rural integration by optimizing town-village spatial pattern and urban-rural industrial division,and improving supplying level of elementary sources aimed at the diversity requirement of village development.更多还原