【摘要】 如何在生态门槛内为城市居民实现福利水平的持续提升即城市生态福利绩效的提高是城市生态文明建设和可持续发展的根本要求和必然选择。本文从生态福利视角出发,基于DEA方法构建城市生态福利绩效评价指标体系,并运用两阶段考虑非合意产出的Super-NSBM模型和DEA窗口分析法测算了中国35个主要城市2011—2015年的生态福利绩效,将生态福利绩效分解为生态经济效率和经济福利效率两阶段,打开城市生态福利转化过程的"黑箱",并通过冗余度分析为各城市指明效率改进的方向。研究发现:"十二五"期间,我国35个主要城市的整体生态福利绩效水平不高,且城市之间差异较大,总体上未能实现DEA有效,但近几年呈现出逐年改善的利好趋势。分阶段效率来看,第二阶段的经济福利效率高于第一阶段的生态经济效率,生态经济效率偏低是导致整体生态福利绩效水平不高的主要原因。分区域来看,城市生态福利绩效综合水平呈现出"中部最高、东部次之、西部最低"的态势。与传统的单阶段("黑箱"评价)视角下考虑非合意产出Super-SBM模型相比,两阶段视角下基于考虑非合意产出的超效率网络SBM模型的测算结果精确度更高,再次验证了本文选取该模型的合理性。为提高城市生态福利绩效,促进城市生态文明建设与可持续发展,提出低效率城市应加快产业结构转型、发展绿色生态产业;有效推进京津冀城市群协同发展;建设公共交通导向的紧凑型低碳城市等建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 How to sustain a high level of well-being with the ecological limits for urban inhabitants,in other words,to improve urban ecological well-being performance( hereinafter refers to UEWP),is the basic requirement and inevitable choice of urban ecological civilization construction and sustainable development. Firstly,this paper establishes the evaluation index system of UEWP based on the DEA method from the perspective of ecological well-being. Then,the UEWP of China ’s 35 major cities during 2011-2015 is measured by using two-stage super-efficiency network SBM model with the consideration of undesirable outputs and DEA window analysis method,in which the‘black box’is opened by dividing UEWP into ecological efficiency and economic well-being efficiency from a two-stage angle. Last,the direction for improvement of the inefficient cities is pointed out in terms of slacks analysis. The research shows that: ①During the Twelve Five Year Plan period,the overall efficiency of 35 major cities in China was at a low level with average efficiency of 0. 813,which failed in standing on the DEA efficient frontier. ② From the two-stage perspective,the economic well-being efficiency in the second stage is much bigger than the ecological efficiency in the first stage,and the ecological efficiency with a relatively lower level mainly contributes to a relatively low UEWP in the whole period. ③As for three regions in terms of UEWP,the middle area ranks first,the eastern area ranks the second and the western area ranks the last. ④ Comparatively speaking,the DEA efficiency measured by two-stage super-efficiency network SBM model with the consideration of undesirable outputs is relatively lower than that measured by traditional SBM model featured by one stage. In other words,the accuracy of measurement is higher than the traditional ones,which enjoys a good reference for the similar fields concerning two or more stages of DEA measurement and evaluation. Finally,some constructive suggestions are proposed to improve UEWP and sustainable urban development and ecological civilization construction,for example,the cities with a low efficiency shall accelerate the transformation of industrial structure,develop green and ecological industry,promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration efficiently and construct low-carbon compact city modern city featured by Transit-Oriented-Development( TOD).更多还原