【摘要】 新能源汽车产业目前还处于"技术与商业化示范"阶段,高价格与市场的低需求、高风险与消费者的低认知是其主要特征。根据"居民消费能力"和"交通承载能力"区分示范推广应用城市的区域差异性,应用双重差分模型等方法从静态和动态角度,研究分析了"购买"和"使用"环节政策在不同城市实施效果的差异性。结果表明,"购买"环节政策实施效果与城市居民消费能力呈反比,与城市交通承载压力呈正比,"使用"环节政策的实施效果与城市消费能力和交通承载压力均呈正比;"购买"和"使用"环节政策在中等居民消费能力和车辆承载压力较低的城市均有显著效果。因此,制定新能源汽车消费促进政策时应充分考虑市场内生动力,适当减少财政补贴政策力度;还应根据城市居民消费能力和交通承载压力的不同制定差异化促进政策,消费能力及车辆承载压力较低的城市应以"购买"环节政策为主;消费能力及车辆承载压力中等城市可由"购买"环节向"使用"环节转移;消费能力及车辆承载压力较高的城市则应注重培育新能源汽车市场内生动力,以"使用"环节配套设施及服务为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 The NEV industry is in the stage of‘Technical and Commercial Demonstration’. It has characteristics of high prices,low demand,high risk and low level of consumer’s understanding. We differentiate the demonstration and application cities according to the‘resident consumption capacity’and‘traffic carrying capacity’. Then we apply the dual difference model to study the differences between the‘buy’and‘use’policies from a static and dynamic perspective. The results show that the overall effect of the ‘use’policy implementation is better than the‘purchase’link policy. The implementation effect of the ‘purchase’link policy is inversely proportional to the urban residents ’ consumption capacity, and is proportional to the urban traffic carrying pressure. The implementation effect of the ‘use’link policy is directly proportional to the urban consumption capacity and urban traffic carrying pressure. The ‘purchase’and ‘use’links have significant effects in cities with low consumption power and low vehicle carrying capacity. The new energy vehicle policy should be fully considered in the market,and the financial subsidy policy should be appropriately reduced to strengthen and improve the use of the link policy. We should also formulate a differentiated promotion policy based on the consumption power of urban residents and the pressure of urban traffic. Cities with low spending power and low vehicle carrying pressure should be based on the‘purchase’policy. Medium-sized cities with moderate spending power and moderate vehicle load can be transferred from the‘purchase’link to the‘use’link. Cities with high consumption power and high vehicle load pressure should focus on cultivating the endogenous power of the new energy vehicle market,with the main facilities and services in the‘use’link.更多还原