【摘要】 基于陕北黄土塬煤层采空区地震勘探方法研究项目,在该类复杂地质背景和地震地质条件下进行了煤层采空区多种地震探测方法的应用。探测中依据不同的地震勘探方法原理,针对同一目标地质体,提取了识别其地震波场的响应特征:①在地震反射时间剖面上呈现反射波组中断缺失、不连续特征;②在折射层析速度剖面上反射为低速异常;③面波记录出现强能量基阶面波传播中止(波散),面波速度剖面呈现为低速异常,频散曲线发生畸变(呈"之"字型回折);④煤层采空区边界显现出散射波特征。这些地震波场特征在鄂尔多斯等地的煤层采空区探测中也已得到验证。陕北煤田采空区探测实例表明,采用综合地震勘探方法探测可有效解决单一方法的多解性问题,提高其成果的准确性和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on a research item of coal seam gob area seismic prospecting method in the northern Shaanxi loess tableland,carried out applications of various coal seam gob area seismic detection methods under that same complex geological background and seismic-geologic conditions.In detections,according to different seismic prospecting method principles,aimed at a same target geologic body,picked up response characteristics to recognize its seismic wave field: ① reflection wave group break,hiatus and discontinuity features present on seismic reflection time section;② weathering anomaly reflected on refraction tomographic velocity section;③ strong energy first mode of surface wave propagating suspended(wave dispersion) on surface wave record,surface wave velocity section presents as weathering anomaly,dispersion curve distortion(zigzag inflection);④ coal seam gob area boundary presents scattering wave characteristics.These seismic wave field characteristics are also verified in coal seam gob area detections in Ordos and other areas.The examples of northern Shaanxi coalfields gob area detection demonstrated that,to use integrated seismic prospecting method can effectively resolve the problem of interpretation ambiguity when unitary method is used.更多还原