【摘要】 矿井发生系列重大突水事故,可归结为两个原因:①回采前,潜伏导水通道和隔水关键"静态"存在特征的"探测"和研究不足;②回采过程中,导水通道和隔水关键层"动态"失稳过程的"监测"和研究不足。针对矿层回采前岩体性质的"静态"存在特征,采用地球物理测井和高分辨率三维地震勘探作为技术手段、GSR(Geophysical Strata Rating)方法作为研究手段展开研究,重点对突水危险区进行预测;针对煤层回采过程中岩体破裂过程和裂隙场分布的"动态"特征,采用高精度微震监测作为技术手段、高精度定位及反演分析技术作为研究手段展开研究,重点对突水危险进行临场预警。基于上述技术和研究方法,进行了煤层分布特征、隔水关键岩层分布特征、断层分布特征的原位探测和研究。建立了关键层静态探测与动态监测的突水预警模型和构造体静态探测与动态监测的突水预警模型;采用了"将岩体性质‘静态’存在特征和岩体‘动态’破裂过程作为一个整体"对突水通道进行预测,并对矿井突水定量预测进行了初步的学术探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two reasons for water inrushing associated with coal mining concluded as: failed in field prospecting and delineating the static properties of key confining beds and seepage paths before mining;failed in field monitoring and delineating the dynamic properties of key confining beds and seepage paths during mining.For the rock static properties,geophysical logging,seismic prospecting and GSR(Geophysical Strata Rating) were employed in the one hand,and for the dynamic failure processing of surrounding rock,the real time microseismic monitoring was used on the other.Based on the techniques and analysis mentioned above,the description of coal seams,key confining beds and faults has been done;the positions and properties of soft parts within key confining beds,the potential extension and boundary of confining beds,the geologic origin of confining beds as well as potential seepage path and dangerous region were also deduced.A prediction modeling based on the static and dynamic methods discussed above were conducted quantitative.The consideration of "the static studies on rock strata before mining and the failure processing of surrounding rock and geological structure during mining should be treated as a whole to water inrushing issues" was undertaken.更多还原