【摘要】 目的了解北京市房山区居民突发灾害相关知识水平以及健康教育的需求,提出开展健康教育工作的策略建议。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法对北京市房山区7个乡镇(社区)14岁以上居民进行抽样,通过问卷调查的方式进行现场调查,调查内容包括灾害相关行为和灾害相关知识两大部分。结果此次调查共抽取700人,回收有效调查问卷695份。北京市房山区居民应对常见突发灾害相关知识知晓率为总知晓率,为52.5%,应对火灾相关知识知晓率最高(65.6%),其次为应对地震灾害相关知识知晓率(61.9%)、灾后防疫相关知识知晓率(45.8%)、应对洪涝灾害相关知识知晓率(27.0%),农村人口(48.0%)和18岁以下人口(43.2%)应对常见灾害相关知晓率相对较低。参与调查的房山区居民希望了解应对常见灾害知识主要是地震(81.2%)、洪涝灾害(67.2%)和火灾(61.7%),获取各类灾害知识的主要渠道是电视广播(90.6%)、网络(52.5%)和报纸(38.0%)。结论北京市房山区居民应对常见灾害相关知识知晓程度较低,今后房山区灾害相关健康教育工作的重点应放在加强居民特别是农村居民应对常见灾害相关知识的宣传教育上。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To assess knowledge awareness of responding to common unexpected disasters and understand the needs of health education in residents of Fangshan District in Beijing.Methods A multi-staged stratified sampling method was carried out to select the sample population who were residents aged over 14 years in Fangshan District of Beijing.The questionnaire survey was used to collect the information of residents responding to common unexpected disasters and the answers were scored.Results A total of 700 residents were participated and the valid questionnaires were 695.In the study,52.5% of the respondents were considered to beaware of the knowledge responding to common unexpected disasters,and the awareness about fire knowledge(65.6%) was the highest,and then followed by earthquake(61.9%),post-disaster disease prevention(45.8%) and flood(27.0%).The knowledge awareness observed among the respondents living in rural area(48.0%) and people aged below 18 years(43.2%) were relatively low.The most wanted type of prevention knowledge among respondents was earthquake(81.2%),flood(67.2%) and then fire(61.7%).Among the respondents,the main ways to receive knowledge about common unexpected disasters were TV and broadcasting(90.6%),Internet(52.5%) and newspaper(38.0%).Conclusion The levels of knowledge awareness of responding to common unexpected disasters among residents in Fangshan District were low,especially in rural area and young people.The emphasis of health education on responding to common unexpected disasters should be strengthened among rural residents.更多还原