【摘要】 目的了解地震灾区农村居民卫生知识、健康教育需求及居住地环境卫生状况,为灾区长期的卫生防疫工作提供参考。方法选择大邑县受灾相对较重的出江片区作为研究现场,在出江片区的4个乡镇33个自然村中每个村随机抽取5~10户,对每户的户主进行面对面问卷调查,调查内容包括卫生知识、态度和行为、健康教育需求、居住地环境卫生状况。结果共收回有效问卷233份,其中男性99人(42.5%),女性134人(57.5%),文化程度以初中及以下为主(81.6%)。调查对象卫生知识平均得分为10.37±1.62分;低年龄组、文化程度高者得分较高(P<0.05);居民对食品卫生和环境卫生知识掌握情况较好,知识点得分在0.90以上,而饮水卫生和消毒杀虫知识知晓程度较低,知识点得分在0.63~0.89之间。大部分居民都能够做到喝开水(93.1%)和不吃腐败变质食物(97.4%)。居民最需要的健康服务是消毒杀虫(51.5%)和传播卫生知识(50.6%);希望获取知识的途径主要为广播电视(56.2%)和现场服务(43.3%)。结论地震灾区农村居民具有一定的卫生知识,具有较好的卫生习惯和健康行为,但在传染病防治和饮用水卫生知识、生活用水消毒等方面存在问题,需要加强这些方面的健康教育工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To know about the condition of health knowledge and health needs among the residents and the sanitation status in earthquake area,and to provide the scientific reference for long-term disease control and prevention.Methods Considering the disaster condition,Chujiang area of Dayi county,Chengdu City was selected as study field.33 villages in 4 towns were selected from Dayi County,and in each village 5~10 heads of household were conducted a questionnaire survey about the health knowledge,attitude and behavior,health needs and the sanitation status.Results 223 valid questionnaires were acquired,including 99 male(42.5%) and 134 female(57.5%).Most subjects(81.6%) were with junior middle school degree.The subjects’ average score of health knowledge was 10.37±1.62.Those with lower age and higher education degree had higher scores(P<0.05).The awareness of food hygiene and environmental sanitation were high,the scores of every points were all above 0.90,while the awareness of drinking water hygiene,disinfection and disinsection were low,the score of points were between 0.63 to 0.89.Most subjects had health habits and behavior,they drank boiled water(93.1%) and did not eat spoilage food(97.4%).The most wanted health service were disinfection and disinsection(51.5%) and health communication(50.6%).The most expected health education methods were television and broadcasting(56.2%) and field service(43.3%).Conclusion The rural residents in earthquake area had some health knowledge,they also had health habits and behavior.But the problems about drinking water hygiene,disinfection and disinsection,infectious disease still existed,and it is necessary to implement health education with focus on these problems.更多还原