【摘要】 建立3块标准样地（天然沼泽、1990s和1970s排水沼泽）,于2014年生长季期间,采用静态箱-快速温室气体分析仪野外原位观测CO₂和CH₄排放通量.结果表明:沼泽排水增加了土壤温度（5,20,45cm）,但降低沼泽水位;1990s[（680±329）mg CO₂/（m2·h）] 1970s排水沼泽[（973±234）mg CO₂/（m2·h）]生态系统CO₂排放通量分别较天然沼泽增加了200%和330%,但CH₄排放通量[（0.78±0.52）mg CH₄/（m2·h）]和[（-0.01±0.02）mg CH₄/（m2·h）]较天然沼泽分别降低了90%和100%;综合考虑两者排放通量,1990s[（186±89）mg C/（m2·h）]和1970s排水沼泽[（265±64）mg C/（m2·h）生态系统碳（C）排放通量较天然沼泽分别增加了180%和300%.天然沼泽、1990s和1970s排水沼泽生态系统CO₂排放通量与5cm土壤温度存在显著正相关,而仅1990s排水沼泽生态系统CO₂排放通量与水位存在显著负相关.天然沼泽生态系统CH₄排放通量与土壤温度（5,20,45cm）存在显著正相关,但1970s排水沼泽生态系统CH₄排放通量与土壤温度（20,45cm）存在说著负相关,1990s排水沼泽生态系统CH₄排放通量与水位存在显著正相关.沼泽排水显著增加了若尔盖高寒沼泽生态系统C排放通量,降低了沼泽C汇功能,可能增强区域气候变暖.更多还原

【Abstract】 The CO₂ and CH₄ emission fluxes in the Zoige Plateau Marsh were monitored by using the dark static chamber and Fast Greenhouse Gas Analyzer at three typical sampling sites（natural marsh,drainage marshes in the 1990 s and 1970 s）from May to October in 2014.The results showed that the drainage increased the soil temperature（5,20 and 45 cm depth）and reduced the water level.The ecosystem CO₂ emission fluxes of the drained marshes in 1990 s[（680±329）mg C02/（m2·h）]and 1970 s[（973±234）mg CO₂/（m2·h）]were 200% and 330% higher than that in the natural marsh.While,the ecosystem CH₄ emission fluxes of the drained marshes in 1990 s[（0.78±0.52）mg CH₄/（m2·h）]and 1970 s[（-0.01±0.02）mg CH₄/（m2·h）]were 90% and 100% lower than that in the natural marsh,respectively.Taking into consideration of both CO₂ and CH₄ emission fluxes,the ecosystem carbon（C）emission fluxes of the drained marshes in 1990 s[（186±89）mg C/（m2·h）]and 1970 s[（265±64）mg C/（m2·h）]were 180% and 300% higher than that in the natural marsh.Besides,there was a significant positive correlation between the ecosystem CO₂ emission fluxes and the soil temperature of 5 cm depth in the three typical sampling sites.Whereas,there was an obvious negative correlation between the ecosystem CO₂ emission flux and the water level in the 1990 s drained marsh.In addition,the ecosystem CH₄ emission flux in the natural marsh was notably positively correlated with the soil temperatures at 5,20 and 45 cm depth.However,the ecosystem CH₄ emission flux in the 1970 s drained marsh was remarkably negatively correlated with the soil temperatures at 20 and 45 cm depth.Meanwhile,we also found that there was a significant positive relation between the ecosystem CH₄ emission flux in the 1990 s drained marsh and the water level.This research suggested that the marsh drainage could significantly increase the ecosystem C emission flux from the soil into the atmosphere in the Zoige Plateau Marsh,subsequently decrease the soil C sink function,and further enhance the regional climate warming.更多还原