【摘要】 风荷载是大跨空间结构、高层和高耸结构、桅式结构、大跨度桥梁等土木工程结构的主要设计荷载之一。风荷载的确定手段主要有风洞试验、现场实测、数值模拟等。但前两类风荷载确定手段均较为复杂,且耗时耗资巨大,因而仅仅针对特定的工程结构才进行。通过数值模拟方法得到的风速时程满足风主要统计特性的任意性,而且比实际记录更具有代表性,因而在实际工程中被广泛使用。首先简要介绍大气边界层风的特性与风荷载的作用特点,接着重点讨论了土木工程风工程中平稳高斯、非平稳高斯、非高斯随机风场的模拟技术,最后对该领域的进展情况给出了一些展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wind load is one of main loads in design of civil engineering structures, such as, large-span spatial structures, long-span bridges, tall buildings and high-rise towers, and guyed masts. Currently, there are mainly wind tunnel tests, field measurements, and numerical simulations used for determining wind loads. The wind tunnel tests and field measurements are complex and they consume a great deal of time and money, thus barely applicable to particular engineering structures. It is worth noting that the wind speed time-history obtained using numerical simulations not only satisfies main statistic characteristics but also possess better representation than actual wind speed records. Therefore, numerical simulations are widely used to simulate stochastic wind fields in civil engineering. Here, the natural wind properties and wind effects in the atmospheric boundary lay are introduced firstly. Subsequently, simulation techniques of stochastic wind fields such as stationary Gaussian, non-stationary Gaussian, non-Gaussian random fields are reviewed. Eventually, the trends of future studied on simulating stochastic wind fields in civil engineering are proposed.更多还原