【摘要】 场地地震稳定性一直是岩土工程和工程抗震领域非常关注的问题之一,对防灾减灾意义重大。本文提出一套基于ArcGIS评价场地地震稳定性的技术方法,即将ArcGIS与层次分析法相结合,分析处理主要影响场地地震稳定性的因素,最终得出场地地震稳定性区划图。该方法中ArcGIS可将众因素分散的基础数据处理成系统的数字化与可视化的属性数据库和空间数据库,并可在此基础上进行数据运算和等级自动划分;而层次分析法是数据运算的基础,该方法分别对各个因素内部不同区域的特性和各要素之间对场地地震稳定性影响的权重进行定量分析,以便在ArcGIS中进行叠加运算。以唐山地区为例,对上述方法进行了专题论证,得出该地区的场地地震稳定性的等级区划图,划分的区域与地震灾害专家对唐山大地震发生三天后拍摄的航拍片的解译进行对比,结果基本吻合。这验证了本文所用技术方法在分析场地地震稳定性方面的适用性,为我国的防灾减灾计划和国土资源的规划利用提供依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a country with active earthquakes.Due to its dense population,the work of protecting against and mitigating earthquake disasters should be performed,which will directly affect the economic development and social stability of the country.Thus,various effective measures must be applied to minimize the damages of earthquake disasters.Developments in soil dynamics and earthquake engineering are examples of advanced science and technology methods used in earthquake resistance and defense.Site seismic stability is a topic of great concern in geotechnical engineering and engineering seismic areas and has important significance for disaster prevention and mitigation.In modern society,information technology has developed rapidly.The development of 3stechnology,Geographic Information System(GIS),Global Positioning System(GPS),and remote sensing(RS),provides a new driving force in digital way for soil dynamics and earthquake engineering through acquisition,processing,and application to the Earth and to spatial data of humanistic factors.Geotechnical earthquake engineering problems were studied,and regional site seismic stability and degrees of liquefaction evaluation technology have been developed on the basis on the advanced technology of the ArcGIS platform.For example,the geotechnical earthquake zoning system inTangshan and its southern region has been initially shaped on the basis of ArcGIS,which has provided a foundation for further research and engineering applications.The China Academy of Building Research has released a report titled"The research of geology of earthquake engineering in intense seismic area of Tangshan,"which systematically analyzed and summarized geological concerns in various sites and foundations including seismic faults,earthquake liquefaction,ground motion,seismic damage analysis,and geological mapping of earthquake engineering in 1976.The formation mechanism and distribution characteristics of various seismic effects have been detailed,analyzed,and studied.This content-rich and impeccable composite report is significant for guiding the study of earthquake disaster.In addition,many research achievements have been converted to paper maps including 24 photographs.However,the visibility and operability are unsatisfactory because the comprehensive understanding of the layer properties is insufficient.Moreover,the report does not effectively address geometry such as points,lines,and polygons.In this paper,the shortcomings of the aforementioned report are summed up and corrected,and a technical method for site seismic stability evaluation based on ArcGIS is presented.ArcGIS and AHP are combined to analyze the main factors affecting the stability of seismic ground,and a zoning map for site seismic stability is created.All dispersive basic data of each factor is digitized and visualized to establish an interactive relationship between the spatial graph database and the attribution database.AHP is the basis of the data operation,which is used to determine the weight of the distribution properties of various areas in each interior factor and between factors to determine the stability of the seismic ground and to conduct quantitative analysis for overlay analysis in ArcGIS.In this study,the southern region of Tangshan is used.Special consideration is made,and the zoning map of site seismic stability is used to confirm the feasibility of this method.The results of each method have been compared with an aerial map obtained three days after the Tangshan earthquake.The results indicate that the distribution for the grade of site seismic stability roughly corresponds to the aerial map,which illustrates that the method proposed in this paper is applicable to analysis of site seismic stability.更多还原