【摘要】 概述了土遗址文物的主要病害如风蚀病害、表面风化、雨蚀病害、裂缝或坍塌、基础掏蚀、生物破坏以及人类社会经济活动所产生的不良影响等的特征及成因机制;阐明了建立土遗址文物防灾减灾综合体系的重要性,提出了灾前防御、震时应急和灾后恢复的对策;针对土遗址的特殊性提出了抗震防护加固的原则,分析了其特点,针对不同病害特征的土遗址分别提出了抗震加固方案。为土遗址文物的科学保护和综合防御地震灾害提供了理论基础和工程实践指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soil relics are historical structures built with soil,which have significant historic,artistic,and scientific value.The soil properties and technological innovations are associated and determine which soil relics are vulnerable to nature and human activities.Soil relics are in dire need of protection and seismic safety is of great importance.This paper surveys and evaluates typical soil relics along the silk road in China according to the damage caused by wind erosion,surface weathering,rain erosion,cracking or collapse,foundation settlement,biological erosion,and human activities.The importance of a comprehensive seismic hazard reduction approach for soil relics is emphasized and strategies for hazard prevention,emergency management,and rehabilitation methods for the preservation of soil relics are proposed.Based on the characteristics of the soil relics,the principles for seismic retrofitting,the key retrofitting requirements,and retrofitting design are established.The research results will serve as guidelines for the reduction of seismic risk for soil relics.更多还原