【摘要】 为改善城市应急避难场所"重规轻管,重建轻用"的现状,构建城市应急避难场所运行能力评价指标体系。基于熵流原理,分析城市应急避难场所运行制约因素的熵流类型。指出避难场所运行的制约因素,实际上就是避难场所运行管理耗散结构系统中生成正熵流的"贡献"因素。基于制约因素探讨城市避难场所运行能力评价指标筛选技术,即聚类分析、变异系数及专家评判技术组合运用。通过对汶川地震期间某城市应急避难场所运行情况的实证分析,构建35个原始指标;采用指标筛选技术筛选后形成26个指标;对26个指标构成的指标体系进行有效性评测,效度系数值为0.085,小于0.1。由此,26个指标构成了汶川地震时某城市应急避难场所运行能力的评价指标体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve present condition of urban emergency shelters——"pay attention to regulation but ignore management,pay attention to construction but ignore use",a operation capacity evaluation index system of urban emergency shelters was built.According to the principle of entropy flow,types of entropy flows of restrictive factors of urban emergency shelter were analyzed.It was pointed out that the factors restricting shelter operation capacity are the factors forming positive entropy flows of the dissipative structure system in the shelter operations management.The index that restricts city shelters run screening method are discussed.Shelter operation capacity evaluation indexes were selected by using cluster analysis,"coefficient of variation" and expert judgment.Through the analysis of the wenchuan earthquake emergency shelters,35 original indexes are constructed.By adopting the method of index screening,We have 26 indicators for effectiveness evaluation.The validity coefficient value is 0.085,less than 0.1.Therefore,we obtain an index system consisted of 26 indicators.更多还原