【摘要】 目的调查分析汶川大地震后2年,地震重灾区留守群众焦虑、抑郁情绪。方法对汶川大地震重灾区陈家坝留守群众进行分层抽样,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)调查评估人群焦虑抑郁情绪,以及患者年龄、文化程度、民族、地震受灾情况、政府支持情况等。结果共调查群众161例,男女比例为1∶2.9,年龄(60.8±11)岁,文化程度小学及以下占85.7%。地震中受伤56人(占35.8%),亲属死亡者122人(占75.8%),财产完全损失95人(占59%),房屋完全毁损118人(占73.2%)。调查对象中103人(占64%)曾受到心理健康关心,148人(占91.9%)认为需要社会定期进行心理关怀。SAS评分(46.5±9.7)分,SAS评分(48.9±12.3)分,均高于国内常模(P<0.05)。调查对象中50人(占31%)存在焦虑情绪,36人(占22.3%)存在抑郁情绪,其中轻度焦虑(SAS标准分50～59分)35人(占21.7%),中度焦虑(60～69分)15人(占9.3%),无重度焦虑者(70分以上);轻度抑郁(SDS标准分53～62分)21人(占13%),中度抑郁(63～72分)15人(占9.3%),无重度抑郁者(73分以上)。老年群众及地震中受伤者焦虑评分较高,亲属死亡者抑郁评分较高,灾区群众不幸预感(占51.6%)及睡眠障碍(占41.6%)发生率高(均P>0.05)。结论汶川大地震后2年,四川地震重灾区陈家坝留守群众焦虑、抑郁情绪明显,其中老年及受伤群众焦虑评分较高,丧失亲人的群众抑郁评分较高,灾区群众不幸预感及睡眠障碍发生率高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people who lived in the Wen-chuan earthquake area.Methods The adults who lived in Wenchuan quake-hit area named ChenJiaba were stratifiedly sampled.The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS) were used.Meanwhile,data of age,sex,ethnicity,educational level,earthquake disaster degree,social support were recorded.Analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0 statistical software.Results One hundred sixty-one adults(41 male and 120 female) were involved in the study.Their average age was 60.8±11 years old.85.7% of subjects had primary school or less education.In these subjects,56(35.8%) were injured during the earthquake,122(75.8%) lost their families,95(59%) lost all of their property,118(73.2%) experience building complete damage,103 people(64%) received psychological consultation,148(91.9%) required social psychological care.The SAS and SDS scores were 46.5 ± 9.7 and 48.9 ±12.3,respectively.The prevalence of anxiety and depression were 31% and 22.3%,respectively.The prevalence were significantly higher than that of National Norms(P < 0.05).Moreover,the SAS scores of old or injured people were higher compared to younger or non-injured subjects.The SDS scores of the subjects who was lost their families was higher compared to others(P < 0.05)).Finally,83 subjects(51.6%) and 67 subjects(41.6%) suffered from ominous premonition and sleep disorders,respectively.Conclusions People lived in the Wenchuan earth quake area still experienced obvious anxiety and depression after 2 years.The SAS scores were higher in Aged and injured victims while the SDS scores were higher in victims who lost their families.The incidence of ominous premonition and sleep disorders was relatively high in these victims.更多还原