【摘要】 通过进行西安典型地层环境下地裂缝活动的大型模型试验,研究了隐伏地裂缝活动引起附近土体应力与变形的规律。试验表明,地裂缝活动在上盘土体中产生负的附加应力,引起土体应力降低,而在下盘土体中产生正的附加应力,引起土体应力增强,且距离地裂缝越远由地裂缝活动引起的附加应力越小。地裂缝活动导致其两侧土体发生台阶状位移突变现象,随着地层由深至浅,土体变形范围明显增大,且影响区范围上盘大于下盘。地裂缝活动引起附近土体应力的分布在空间上大致分为4个区域即下盘原始应力区、应力增强区、应力降低区和上盘原始应力区,其中应力降低区范围约为应力增强区的1.5～2倍。同时,地裂缝附近土体沉降变形也可分为3个带,即下盘稳定带、差异沉降过渡带和上盘稳定带,其中上盘差异沉降带范围约为下盘沉降差异带的2倍。更多还原

【Abstract】 The stress and deformation characteristics of soil mass nearby ground fissure were studied by a large-scale model test of ground fissure activity under the environment of Xi’an typical strata.It is shown that in the hanging wall of ground fissure the negative additional stress in soil mass is induced by the ground fissure movement and so stress in soil decreases;but in the foot wall the positive additional stress in soil mass is created and stress in soil increases,and the more far distance from ground fissure,less additional stress caused by ground fissure movement.Meanwhile,the bilateral soil deformations of ground fissure appear step mutation;and the range of soil deformation is larged from deep strata to shallow strata;and deformation zone in hanging wall is larger than that in footwall.Soil stress distrbution nearby ground fissure in space can be divided into 4 zones,i.e.the initial stress zone of footwall,stress increasing zone,stress decreasing zone and initial stress zone of hanging wall;and the range of stress decreasing zone is 1.5 to 2 times that of stress increasing zone.Also the soil settlement deformation neraby ground fissure can be divided into 3 zones,i.e.the stable zone of footwall,differential settlement transitional zone and stable zone of hanging wall;and the range of differential settlement zone in hanging wall is 2 times that of the footwall of ground fissure.更多还原