【摘要】 作为裂隙岩体渗流-应力耦合研究的一个子课题,岩体水力劈裂问题的研究尚处于初始阶段,许多基本的理论问题尚待深入研究。当今许多大型工程的建设已经在向地下发展,建设在地下的各种建筑结构离不开水压的作用。工程建设的需要正在推动岩体水力劈裂理论的研究。水力劈裂作为一种技术最初在石油工业用来增加油井产量,后来逐渐用于初始地应力测量等其他工程项目。随着水电工程建设、地下核废料储存、地热开发、井工矿产采掘等岩体工程越来越多的处于高水头、大埋深等恶劣水文地质条件下,水力劈裂作用正在受到越来越多工程岩体稳定性研究者的关注。通过对水力劈裂研究的现状作较为详细地综述,列举了当今研究的理论、方法和成果,以及目前水力劈裂研究的热点问题,并作了简单评述。最后,指出了目前需要重点研究的几个关键问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a subtopic of stress and seepage coupling research of fractured rock mass, the hydraulic fracturing research was still in its infancy. The theory study was not being perfect. Nowadays, More and more rock engineering were expanded to underground. The underground structures were usually bearing on high hydro-pressure. The requirement of engineering construction was an impulse to drive the theory and technique research of hydraulic fracturing in rock mass. Hydraulic fracturing, as a technique, was used in petroleum industry to increase output of oil wells initially. In the sequel, it was introduced to stress measurement. Along with the construction of hydro-electricity projects, underground nuclear waste deposited, ground thermal energy exploitation, underground mining and so on, underground structures was faced on wicked hydro-geological conditions, such as high water pressure and deep burying. The effect of hydraulic fracture was being paid more and more intention by engineering rock stability researchers in recent years. A detailed review about rock hydraulic fracture research was done in this paper. Some theories, methods, results and hot points of recent studying were reviewed and being commanded briefly. Finally, some key problems were pointed out which need to be studied emphatically.更多还原