【摘要】 根据渭河盆地正断层的结构特征及活动形式,采用有限元方法模拟正断层环境下公路山岭隧道衬砌的受力变形,针对断层错动量、断层倾角、隧道埋深以及隧道与断层的交角4个主要因素分别进行组合计算,并由此归纳出衬砌的破坏模式。结果表明4个因素对衬砌受力变形影响的敏感性依次减弱,在断层裂缝两侧各40m的范围内是受力变形的集中位置,且当断层倾角小于50°时衬砌的受力类似于一端固定的悬臂梁。通过对衬砌的相对沉降量、纵向应力及剪应力的分析计算,将衬砌的主要破坏模式分为3类:在大纵向应力作用下,以拉张破坏为主、挤压破坏为辅的拉张-挤压型破坏,在大剪应力作用下发生的直接剪断型破坏,以及拉张-挤压与剪切结合的破坏形式。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the structural characteristics and active forms of normal faults in Weihe River Basin,the finite element method is used to simulate the force and deformation of tunnel lining when the road mountain tunnel passes through the normal fault.Calculation is mainly focused at the four major factors which are the movement quantity of fault,the inclination angle of fault,the depth of tunnel and the across angle between tunnel and fault.And the failure modes of lining are concluded.The result shows that the sensitivity of impact of four factors on the lining force and deformation reduced in turn.On the 40 m scope of both sides of the fault fissure is the central location of force and deformation.When the inclination angle of fault is less than 50°,the force of lining is similar to that of cantilever beam with one end fined.Through analyzing and calculating the relative settlement quantity,longitudinal stress and shear stress of the lining,the main failure mode of lining will be divided into three categories.First type is extension-compression,which is actived by large longitudinal stress,then it is extension breakage mainly with compression breakage.Second type is direct-shear,which is controlled by large sheer stress.And the third type is combination of the extension-compression breakage type with direct-shear breakage type.更多还原