【摘要】 综合分析岩石高边坡和地下洞室围岩的爆破振动破坏机制、动力稳定性评价方法及爆破振动对新浇混凝土影响等方面的研究现状与进展,介绍国内水电行业采用的有关岩石高边坡、地下洞室围岩、基岩以及新浇混凝土的主要爆破振动安全判据及爆破速度允许标准,并与矿山领域的相关标准进行对比。指出以往爆破振动破坏机制研究中存在的问题和现有爆破安全判据的不足,如未区分爆破地震波作用下岩体中的波传播问题和边坡动力响应问题的不同破坏机制,爆破振动安全判据未考虑振动频率和持续时间的影响。最后提出今后在爆破振动破坏机制研究,体现幅值、频率和持续时间综合影响的爆破振动安全判据确定,考虑温度应力的新浇混凝土爆破振动安全允许标准制定等方面的努力方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The status and progress of the mechanism of blasting vibration-induced failure or damage,the evaluation method of dynamic stability for rock slope and surrounding rock mass of underground caverns under blasting vibration,and the influence of blasting vibration on early-aged concrete,etc.,are introduced and analyzed. The domestic safety criteria of blasting vibration and permitted standard of blasting velocity for high rock slope, underground caverns,foundation rock mass and early-aged concrete adopted in field of hydropower engineering are presented,which are compared with those employed in fields of mining. Main problems existing in the study of the damage mechanism induced by blasting vibration and deficiencies of currently adopted safety criteria are analyzed and discussed such as no distinction between different damage mechanisms induced by propagation of blasting seismic wave in rock mass and by dynamic response of rock slope and no consideration of influence of vibration frequency and duration on the adopted safety criteria. Finally,some proposals are given to further study in the fields of damage mechanism of blasting vibration,comprehensive safety criteria expressing blasting vibration incorporating factors of vibration amplitude,frequency and duration,allowable vibration standard for early-aged concrete considering the influence of thermal stress,etc..更多还原