【摘要】 煤层中的小断层是诱发煤矿安全事故的重要因素之一,准确地预测小断层是当前煤矿安全的迫切需求。现有的地震解释方法适用于解释落差3m以上的断层,因此对煤层中落差小于3m的断层解释需要探索新的技术方法。地震层曲率是根据三维地震解释层位计算得到的曲率,反映解释层位上任一点的弯曲程度。地震层曲率的计算建立在解释层位网格化的基础上,通过构造曲面拟合方程系数来实现。煤层中落差小于3m的小断层在常规地震剖面上表现为同相轴的微小变化、扭曲、振幅突然变弱等特征,这些微小的变化在地震层曲率属性上表现为线性构造,因此利用线性构造异常可进行小断层预测,异常的长度和方向分别代表着断层的延展长度和断层的走向。实例表明,利用地震层曲率进行煤层小断层预测,可以提高小断层的解释效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Small faults in coalseam are one of the important factors that cause coal mine safety accident. It is an urgent and necessary thing for current coal mine safety to predict exactly small faults in coamseam. General seismic interpretation method is suitable for interpreting the fault over 3m throw,so it is necessary to find new technical method to interpret faults below 3m throw in coalseam. Seismic horizon curvature is calculated from 3D seismic interpretation horizon and reflects the curving degree to the given horizon at a point. The calculation of seismic horizon curvature is based on the girding horizon,and it is realized through the coefficient of structure surface fitting equation. Curvature attribute of coalseam reflects curving degree of horizon when coalseam was extruded by structure stress. Coalseam faults below 3 m throw on general seismic section have the features such as even tiny variety,twist,weaking abruptly of the amplitude,these tiny varieties show small linear structure on the seismic horizon curvature attribute,so small faults can be predicated according to linear structure abnormity. The length of abnormity and directions represent the continued length and directions of faults respectively. The case shows that predicting small faults with seismic horizon curvature can raise fault interpretation efficiency.更多还原