【摘要】 将实时激光全息干涉光路布置与岩石力学压剪加载装置组构成光学-力学最优匹配测量系统,通过数据图像采集系统,实时动态捕获了压剪应力作用下花岗岩岩样压剪耦合破坏全过程的实时全息干涉图;根据全息干涉条纹解释原理和图像处理计算,试样表面动态干涉条纹的分布与移动规律高精度直观地揭示了岩石压剪耦合破坏过程中局部变形场分布、微破裂微裂纹的演化路径与速率以及岩石失稳破裂的力学性状。结果表明,该方法能够为岩石损伤与断裂力学问题的研究提供有效的试验技术支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The optimal match system of optical layout for real-time laser holographic interferometry and the loading apparatus of rock under coupled compression and shear is developed. Using the digital image instrument,the real-time holographic interferograms for the wholly failure process of rock under compressive-shearing stress is continuously captured. As the loading increased,on the surface of granite samples several types of the dynamic interference fringes i.e. active fringe with the different forms of distribution appear. Based on the principles of the fringes interpretation at the same time by use of the image process methods,the developing rates of microcracks within granite samples are calculated and its growth models are described in details. The results expose the distribution of the local defatormion field,the growing path of microcracks and its rate in the whole process of rock failure under compressive-shearing loading,as well as the mechanical property of rock failure. Under the condition of compressive loading with shearing loading together,the local deformation and the deforming grades of samples are of obvious differences which mostly control non-linear macro deformation of granite samples. The samples final failure results from the coupled shear fracture and extensive fracture,and its failure shapes are related to the stress states,the growth path and developing rate of microcracks,and also the mechanical types of microcracks. It is proved that the real-time laser holographic interferometry testing can provide the research of rock damage and fracture with an effective experimental support.更多还原