【摘要】 2014、2015和2016年春季鹤类迁徙期,在图牧吉保护区采用以定点观测为主,结合路线统计的方法用望远镜对保护区内的鹤类进行了观察统计,结果表明:图牧吉保护区春季灰鹤(Grus grus)在3月中下旬至4月初开始迁来,5月初至5月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(46. 00±7. 94) d。白鹤(Grus leucogeranus) 3月末至4月初开始陆续迁来,4月中下旬迁离保护区,种群平均停留时长为(23. 33±2. 08) d。白头鹤(Grus monacha) 3月末至4月初到达图牧吉保护区,4月下旬至5月中旬陆续离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(36. 00±7. 94) d。白枕鹤(Grus vipio)在3月末至4月初到达图牧吉保护区,4月下旬至5月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(30. 00±6. 56) d。丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)到达图牧吉保护区的时间为3月末至4月初,4月中旬离开保护区,种群平均停留时长为(14. 00±5. 66) d。保护区内的鹤主要分布在图牧吉泡子和三道泡子,偶尔会在农田发现灰鹤、白鹤和白头鹤。结合往年保护区内自然和人为因素的影响,对每年保护区内5种鹤类停歇期种群数量变化进行了一些分析讨论。最后针对保护区内存在一些保护不当问题,给保护区提出了一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 We observed the cranes using telescope by fixed-point method and route statistic method at Tumuji Nature Reserve during the migration period of cranes in the spring of 2014,2015 and2016. Common cranes( Grus grus) migrated into the reserve in mid-March to early April,and left the reserve from the beginning of May to mid-May. The average residence time of the population was 46. 00 ± 7. 94 d. Siberian cranes( Grus leucogeranus) migrated into the reserve in late March to the beginning of April,and moved out of the reserve in mid to late April. The average residence time of the population was 23. 33 ± 2. 08 d. Hooded crane( Grus monacha) arrived at the reserve from the end of March to the beginning of April,and gradually left from late April to mid-May. The average residence time of the population was 36. 00 ± 7. 94 d. White-naped crane( Grus vipio)reached the reserve from the end of March to the beginning of April,and left from late April to midMay. The average residence time in the reserve was 30. 00 ± 6. 56 d. Red-crowned crane( Grus japonensis) arrived at the reserve from the end of March to the beginning of April,and left the reserve in mid-April. The average residence time in the reserve was 14. 00 ± 5. 66 d. Cranes in the reserve were mainly found in Tumuji Pond and Sandao Pond,common crane,Siberian crane and hooded crane were occasionally recorded in farmland. We analyzed changes in the population of five cranes during the rest period in the reserve based on the influence of natural and human factors in the reserve in previous years. Here we offer recommendations for resolution of problems at the reserve.更多还原