【摘要】 以昆明市6种典型绿化树种为研究对象,采用水洗过滤称量法测定叶片滞尘量,并用S-3000N型扫描电镜观察叶表形态结构特征。结果表明:不同树种间滞尘量差异明显,6个树种单位面积滞尘量从大到小依次为桂花>广玉兰>锦绣杜鹃>红花檵木>法国梧桐>香樟。同一树种在四季的滞尘能力存在差异,秋季或冬季的滞尘量最大。叶表面有褶皱且粗糙,沟壑宽度适中且分布不规则,气孔密集且开口大的桂花滞尘能力最强,年均滞尘量为4.532 5 g/m2;有大量缠绕型绒毛的广玉兰滞尘能力次之,年均滞尘量为2.633 6 g/m2;沟壑较宽、气孔数量少且多闭合、无绒毛的香樟滞尘能力最差,年均滞尘量为0.727 5 g/m2。因此,植物叶表面的粗糙度、气孔密度和开口大小、绒毛密度和分布特征是影响叶片滞尘能力的主要因素,在进行城市绿化树种选择时,选择叶面形态对滞尘有利的树种可提高植物净化大气的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking 6 typical greening tree species in Kunming as the research object. The dust retention of the leaves was determined by washing and filtering method, and the morphological structure of the leaves was observed by S-3000 N scanning electron microscopy. Results show that there are significant differences in dust retention among different tree species. The amount of dust in the unit area of 6 tree species from large to small is Osmanthus fragrans > Magnolia grandiflora > Rhododendron pulchrum > Loropetalum chinense > Platanus acerifolia > Cinnamomum camphora. The dust retention ability of the same tree species is different in the 4 quarters of a year, and the dust retention in autumn and winter are the largest. Leaf surface fold and rough, gap width and distribution is irregular, moderate opening stomatal density and strongest dust detentions of O. fragrans, the average annual dust retention is 4.532 5 g/m2. Dust retention ability of M. grandiflora with a large number of winding villi is the 2 nd, the average annual dust retention is 2.633 6 g/m2. C. camphora is the worst with wide gully, fewer stomata and more closed and fluffy, the average annual dust retention is 0.727 5 g/m2. Therefore, when selecting tree species for urban greening, choosing tree species whose leaf shape is beneficial to dust retention can improve the effect of the plant to purify the atmosphere.更多还原