【摘要】 以1年生扦插苗‘同安红’簕杜鹃为研究材料,采用常规的石蜡切片法制作花芽的永久性切片,通过光学显微镜观察探究其花芽分化进程,分析其花芽分化特性;同时观察芽体的外部形态特征,记录并分析其形态变化规律,建立外部形态及内部解剖结构之间的相关性。结果表明:‘同安红’花芽分化起始于8月上旬,至9月初结束,10月中下旬达到盛花期;簕杜鹃花芽分化过程可分为未分化期、花序原基形成期、苞片原基形成期、小花原基形成期、萼片原基形成期、花瓣原基形成期、雌雄蕊原基形成期8个时期;花芽分化前期芽体瘦小,外部形态变化不明显,从外观上很难直接判断分化进程,后期分化速度加快,表现出明显的伸长与变宽;簕杜鹃花芽为腋生纯花芽,不同分化阶段之间存在一定的交叉现象,不断地分化发育为完整的复伞形花序。因此,簕杜鹃的花芽分化维持1个月左右,大约经历8个时期,分化前期外观形态变化不明显,不能直观反映其内部的结构变化,后期分化速度加快,芽体变化明显,能够从芽体的外部形态判断花芽分化进程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Use annual cuttings Bougainvillea spectabilis ‘Crimelake’ as the experimental material, makes permanent slices by means of conventional paraffin method, research of the flower bud differentiation process by the microscopic observation; The correlation between them is established by observe the external morphology, record and analysis the change rule of bud at the same time. The results show that the flower bud differentiation of B. spectabilis stared at the early of August, and ended at the beginning of September, until mid to late October reaches into the full-bloom stage; B. spectabilis flower bud differentiation process can be divided into 8 periods:vegetative growth, formative stage of inflorescence primordium, formative stage of bract primordium, formative stage of floret primordium, formative stage of sepal primordium, formative stage of petal primordium, formative stage of stamen and pistil primordium; It is difficult to judge the differentiation process from the appearance, as the flower bud changes is not obvious and small in the early stage of flower bud differentiation, and the later differentiation speed is accelerate, showing the apparent elongation and swelling; The flower bud of B. spectabilis is axillary pure bud, there is a certain crossover between different differentiation stages, and continuous differentiation develops into complete umbellate inflorescence. In conclusion, the flower bud differentiation maintains 1 month, about 8 stages, the external morphological change is not obvious at the prophase of flower bud differentiation, can’t intuitive reflect its internal structure change, the differentiation speed is accelerate, and change obviously, can intuitively judge the flower bud differentiation process from the external form.更多还原