【摘要】 目的通过现场调查汶川地震后德阳极重灾区[1]人群饮用水现状和水质情况,为灾后卫生防疫指挥和现场工作预案提供科学依据。方法分析2008-05-13/31,德阳极重灾区绵竹、什邡饮用水水质监测资料。采用方便抽样方法,使用自制的"德阳市地震灾后防病措施阶段性卫生主动监测快速评估表",现场调查德阳极重灾区13个乡镇的53个村,8个灾民安置点人群饮用水供给方式、水源类型、主要饮水种类、饮用方式等。结果不同供水方式中,饮用水监测合格率集中式和统一送水较高,分散式最低;不合格指标中,微生物指标、游离氯指标占的比重最大。现场回顾性调查发现,人群饮水供给方式以分散式为主,水源类型以井水为主,饮水种类以开水+瓶装商品水为主,饮水方式以消毒煮沸后饮用为主。结论应急状态下加强分散式供水的消毒技术指导与培训,有利于防止肠道传染病的发生,特别是消毒药的选择和配制使用方法的指导及饮用水监测工作,在灾后卫生防病工作中具有现实和长远意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Through the field sanitary investigation on drinking water in Deyang extremely victimized areas after Wenchuan earthquake, to provide the scientific basis for the after-disaster sanitation and antiepidemics direction. Method Drinking water sanitary survey surveillance data from May 13-31,2008 in 8 victims settling centers of 53 villages,13 townships of Mianzhu and Shifang cities were analysed. Result In different ways of supplying water, the water qualified rate of central water supply was high while non-central way was low. Among the unqualified items, microorganism,free residual chlorine were the most serious. Through field sanitary investigation, it was found that non-central way was the most common way to supply water, well water was the main source, the main drinking water were boiled water,and bottled water and water was drunk after having been boiled or disinfected.Conclusion In emergency condition, to strengthen the instructions and training of disinfection of water from non-central water supply is good for preventing intestinal tract infectious disease.After disaster,it is practical and significant to guide how to select and compound disinfection medicine and to carry out drinking water surveillance activities.更多还原