【摘要】 为优化烤后烟叶的等级结构,提高上部烟叶的工业可用性,以豫烟6号为材料,通过田间试验研究了摘除下部不适用叶与叶面喷施光碳核肥对烤烟上部叶叶面积、光合特性、碳氮代谢及烤后烟叶内在化学成分和经济性状的影响。结果表明,与对照(打顶时不摘除下部不适用叶)相比,打顶时摘除下部6片不适用叶显著提高了上部烟叶叶面积、叶绿素含量、光合性能、碳氮代谢强度及烤后中上等烟叶比例,增加了上部叶的总氮含量,降低了烤后烟叶的产量、产值。与仅摘除下部不适用叶相比,打顶时摘除下部6片不适用叶结合叶面喷施光碳核肥增加了烤后上部烟叶的单叶质量、钾含量、总糖含量、还原糖含量、糖碱比及钾氯比,提高了烤后烟叶的产量和品质。摘除下部6片不适用叶结合喷施光碳核肥较对照处理其上部叶叶面积、单叶质量、钾含量及上中等烟比例分别提高了11.53%、23.19%、12.69%和17.50%。总体来看,摘除下部6片不适用叶结合叶面喷施光碳核肥能够促进上部叶开片,使烤后烟叶的化学成分更加协调,经济效益较佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to optimize the grading structure of flue-cured tobacco and promote industrial availability of upper leaves, a field experiment was conducted by using Yuyan No.6 to investigate the effects of removing unusable leaf at lower stalk position and spraying carbon dioxide trapping agent on the leaves on photosynthetic characteristics and metabolisms of carbon and nitrogen of upper leaves. In addition, chemical composition and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco leaves were also evaluated. The results showed that compared with the control(without removing lower leaves while topping), the leaf area, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis,metabolisms of carbon and nitrogen and total nitrogen contents of upper leaves, as well as the proportion of mid-to-high grade leaves were significantly increased. This was achieved by removing six lower unusable leaves while topping(Treatment 1), however the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco leaves were decreased.Compared with Treatment 1, the leaf removing combined with spraying carbon dioxide trapping agent(Treatment 2) significantly increased the single leaf weight, the contents of potassium, total sugar and reducing sugar, total sugar/nicotine ratio, potassium/chlorine ratio, yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco leaves.Compared with the control, the leaf area, single leaf weight, potassium content, the proportion of mid-to-high grade leaves were increased by 11.53%, 23.19%, 12.69% and 17.50%, respectively. In general, Treatment 2 promotes the openness of upper leaves and the harmony of chemical compositions of flue-cured tobacco leaves and economic benefits.更多还原