【摘要】 在合成地震记录层位标定过程中,子波、极性、时深关系是三个十分重要同时又常被解释人员简单化的问题。常用的子波包括Ricker子波、统计性子波和确定性子波,通常先用统计性子波确定子波主频,再用该主频的Ricker子波做初始标定,最后在初始标定的基础上提取确定性子波并用之进行精细标定。对于长井段和大位移斜井还需分段用时变子波标定。准确识别地震剖面极性对层位标定和地震解释意义重大,合成记录法、地震反射特征法、地震子波法常被用来判断剖面极性。VSP时深数据和声波曲线积分得到的时深数据是标定中常用的时深关系,使用过程中要注意AVO效应、测井环境影响以及色散现象带来的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 In correlating sequence by synthetic seismogram,wavelet,polarity and time-depth relationship are very important,but they are usually simplified by interpreter.Ricker wavelet,statistical wavelet and deterministic wavelet are used commonly.The domain frequency of wavelet can be ensured by extracting statistical wavelet,then,initial correlation can be made by using Ricker wavelet of known domain frequency,at last,based on the two steps just mentioned above,fine correlation can be finished by extracting deterministic wavelet.For the long section or big distance deviation well,time-varying wavelet is necessary in correlation.It is significant recognizing correctly the seismic polarity for right correlation and interpretation.The method of judging seismic polarity includes Synthetic Seismogram correlation,seismic characteristic identification and seismic wavelet verification.In correlation time-depth relationship,there are two sources,they are VSP and integral of AC.Some problems which is caused by AVO,well logging environment and dispersion should be noticed in using time-depth relationship.更多还原