【摘要】 为了从物理角度对地震触发崩塌滑坡分布规律的机理进行诠释,通过汶川震区典型路段考察和遥感资料解译发现:位于IX度地震烈度区,崩塌滑坡方量与出现频率之间存在良好的负幂律关系;在X度区,崩塌滑坡面积与出现频率的关系仍可用负幂律描述;在XI度区,这一关系转为对数正态分布.元胞自动机模拟表明:以扰动值递增模拟地震强度的增大,沙堆模型的动力特性也经历了幂律—幂律弱化—对数正态分布的演变过程,从而在自组织临界性的概念框架下,证明了上述不同烈度区地震触发崩塌滑坡分布概型的演变规律具有普适性,为汶川地震崩塌滑坡编目以及高烈度地震山区灾势预估等提供了科学依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to interpret the mechanism of distribution of landslides triggered by earthquake from a physical point of view,typical sections in earthquake zones in the Wenchuan earthquake were investigated,and related remote sensing data was interpreted.The result shows that there exists a negative power-law relationship between the volume and number of landslides in IX seismic intensity zone of the Wenchuan earthquake,and the same is true between the area and frequency of landslides in X intensity seismic zone.However,the relationship changes into a lognormal distribution in XI seismic intensity zone.In addition,cellular automata was used to simulate landslides.The cellular automaton simulation reveals that with the change of disturbance intensity,the dynamical mechanism of sand-pile model is from a strong power-law to a weak power law,then to a lognormal distribution.Under the conceptual framework of self-organized criticality,it is proved that the distribution model of landslides in different seismic intensity zones has a universal law.The research results may not only be used to guide inventory of landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake,but also provide a scientific basis for mountain disaster assessment in high seismic intensity zones.更多还原