【摘要】 以淮山为研究对象,旨在明确淮山生产中的氮钾肥适宜用量及镁硼肥配施效应,以期为高产优质淮山生产和合理施肥提供科学依据。设置3个氮肥用量水平（270、360、450 kg N/hm²）和3个钾肥用量水平（270、360、450 kg K₂O/hm²）,研究在等量有机肥（精制有机肥4500 kg/hm²）和磷肥（144 kg P2O5/hm²）基础上配施不同用量钾氮肥并添加镁（22.5 kg Mg/hm²）硼（0.21 kg B/hm²）肥对淮山叶绿素含量、生物量、品质、养分吸收量和产量的影响。研究结果表明:氮钾肥不同用量对淮山块根膨大期和收获期叶片SPAD值无显著影响。配施Mg和B明显提高淮山可溶性蛋白和氨基酸态氮含量。随施N量或施K量的增加,生产100 kg淮山N、K的需求量均呈先增加后下降趋势。在360 kg N/hm²基础上配施450 kg K₂O/hm²或在360 kg N/hm²和360 kg K₂O/hm²基础上配施22.5 kg Mg/hm²均明显提高淮山块根重量、总生物量和淮山产量。增施钾肥和配施Mg均有利于提高淮山N和K的收获指数。为获得70000～90000 kg/hm²的淮山产量,建议在施用4500 kg/hm²精制有机肥、360 kg N/hm²、144 kg P₂O₅/hm²基础上配施450 kg K₂O/hm²或配施360 kg K₂O/hm²和22.5 kg Mg/hm²。更多还原

【Abstract】 A field experiment was conducted to study the appropriate rates of N and K and the effects of combined application of Mg and B on Chinese Yam, to provide a basis for high yield and good quality production and rational fertilization. We set three N rates（270, 360 and 450 kg N/hm²） and three K rates（270,360 and 450 kg K₂O/hm²）, and studied the effects of equal rate of organic fertilizer（fine organic fertilizer of 4500 kg/hm²） and phosphorus fertilizer（144 kg P₂O₅/hm²） combined with magnesium（22.5 kg Mg/hm²） and boron（0.21 kg B/hm²） on chlorophyll content, biomass, quality, nutrient uptake and yield. The results showed that the N and K application rates had no significant effect on the foliar SPAD value in tuberous root expansion period and harvest period. Combined application of Mg and B increased soluble protein and amino acid nitrogen significantly. With the increase of N and K, the demand quantity of N and K first increased and then decreased.Thetuberousrootweight,biomassandyieldincreasedbyapplyingN 360 kg/hm² with K₂O 450 kg/hm² or N 360 kg/hm², K₂O 360 kg/hm² with 22.5 kg Mg/hm². The harvest index of N and K were increased under the application of K with Mg. To achieve the yield of 70000-90000 kg/hm², the combined application of K2 O450 kg/hm² or K₂O 360 kg/hm² and Mg 22.5 kg/hm² are suggested on the basis of 4500 kg/hm² fine organic fertilizer, N 360 kg/hm² and P₂O₅ 144 kg/hm².更多还原