【摘要】 目的探讨"5.12"汶川地震后灾区中学生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)阳性率的变化趋势及其影响因素,为灾区青少年心理干预策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样方法,选取"5.12"汶川地震灾区3所中学1 966名中学生,使用创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版(PCL-C)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)进行3次自填式问卷随访调查。结果中学生PTSD筛查阳性率和严重程度变化(2χ=65.440,48.368,P值均<0.01)均呈下降趋势。多元Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.46)、居住地为农村(OR=1.28)、本人受伤(OR=2.46)、房屋财产损失(OR=1.67)是PTSD发生的危险因素;汉族(OR=0.66)、灾后时间越久(OR=0.73)、领悟社会支持越高(OR=0.97)是PTSD的保护因素。结论随着时间推移,灾区中学生的PTSD阳性率逐渐降低。应加强灾区学生尤其是PTSD高危人群和阳性人群的关注,增加其各方面社会支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the trajectory and related factors of post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) for secondary school students in Wenchuan after 5.12 earthquake.Methods A total of 1 966 students from three secondary schools of Wenchuan was evaluated by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C) and Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS) in 4,7,10 months after 5.12 earthquake,respectively.Results In the three surveys,the incidence rate(χ2=65.440,P<0.001) and severity(χ2=48.368,P<0.01) of PTSD were both showed a decreasing tendency.Logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.46),come from rural(OR=1.28),be injured(OR =2.46),housing property damage(OR=1.67) were the risk factors of PTSD;Han nationality(OR=0.66),longer time interval(OR=0.73),higher perceived social support(OR=0.97) were protective factors for PTSD.Conclusion The positive rate of PTSD among secondary school students over time gradually decreased.Local government should pay more attention to the high-risk students and those with PTSD positive symptoms.更多还原