【摘要】 [目的]探讨两次大地震灾后卫生防疫的成功经验与不足,为中国重大灾害卫生防疫工作提供参考。[方法]对比汶川与唐山大地震震后疫情和防疫措施,归纳成功因素,分析不足,提出改进对策。[结果]迅速建立防疫组织,开展饮水检测与消毒,无害化处理遇难者遗体,开展环境消杀灭和及时进行预防接种是保障"大灾之后无大疫"的重要措施。[结论]整合防疫体系,完善防疫标准,建立卫生评估方法,规划物资储备以及开发防疫装备,进一步提高灾害应急卫生防疫水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To explore the successful experiences and deficiencies of anti-epidemic work in the two serious earthquakes,and provide the reference for disaster-related epidemic prevention.[Methods]By comparing the epidemic situations and prevention work in Tangshan and Wenchuan earthquakes,the paper summarized the successful factors and deficiencies,and proposed improvement strategies.[Results]Necessary actions included prompt establishment of the anti-epidemic organizations,testing and sterilization of drinking water,harmless disposal of the corpses,environment disinfection and cleaning and timely inoculation.[Conclusion]In order to improve our emergency anti-epidemic work in disasters,actions are necessary for integration of the epidemic prevention system,perfection of disease prevention standard,establishment of hygienic evaluation system,planning of material reservation and development of epidemic prevention equipment.更多还原