【摘要】 曹妃甸填海工程是全国第一大填海工程,拟填海造陆310 km2,建设曹妃甸工业区。曹妃甸海区有曹妃甸外缘深槽和老龙沟深槽两大港口潜力区,建设曹妃甸工业区,使其充分发挥优良港口的作用是合理的。但填海面积过大,填挖土石方严重不平衡,尤其是通岛公路的建设阻断了曹妃甸浅滩潮道是曹妃甸老填海规划的主要缺陷。曹妃甸浅滩潮道是浅滩区的重要潮流通道,对维护老龙沟深槽港口潜力区和区域海洋环境有重要作用,不应被阻断而应当保留畅通。海洋专家们的呼吁对曹妃甸填海规划的修改起了重要作用。近来出台的曹妃甸新填海规划做了重大修改:准备再开通浅滩潮道,恢复北东东向的浅滩潮流系统;要在老龙沟附近修建一个大港池,使老龙沟深槽港口潜力区得到保护和利用;填挖土石方平衡有了明显改善;增加了岸线;减轻了对海洋环境的影响。但仍然存在某些需要进一步完善和推敲之处。津塘—曹妃甸地区是中国两大地面沉降区之一,应做好防止地面沉降、海洋灾害及地震灾害等隐患的准备。填海面积不宜过大,少填多察,多做海洋环境检测。填海要在海洋环境容量能够承受的情况下循序渐进地进行。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Caofeidian plan of sea reclamation land is the top one project of sea reclamation land in China.The plan area of sea reclamation land is 310 km2 and an industrial area will be set up there.Caofeidian sea area has a good condition of water depth with two harbor potential areas,and it is reasonable to set up an industrial area which needs the good capacity of port transportation.The main shortcomings of the old plan of sea reclamation land are: The area of the sea reclamation land is too large to get a good benefit;Large earthworks are difficult to get;Especially the Caofeidian shoal tidal channel was blocked.The Caofeidian shoal tidal channel is an important tidal channel in the shoal area,and it has a key role to maintain the Laolonggou harbor potential area and sea environments,and it should be kept.The suggestions from marine experts promoted the modification of the Caofeidian plan of sea reclamation land.Recently a new Caofeidian plan of sea reclamation land has unveiled,and some main modifications are: The Caofeidian shoal tidal channel will be reopened;the NEE shoal tidal system will be restored;a large port will be set up in Laolonggou area and the Laolonggou harbor potential areas can be protected and utilized;earthwork balance is improved;coastline is increased;and sea environment influences are reduced.Of course,further modifications of the new plan are needed.Tianjin-Tanggu-Caofeidian area is one of the two main ground subsidence areas in China.Preparation should be done to relieve the troubles which result from ground subsidence,ocean calamity and earthquakes.The area of the sea reclamation land should be controlled.The principles of less reclamation land from sea and more inspection of the sea environment should be followed.Sea reclamation land should be carried out step by step under the endurable situation of the sea environmental capacity.更多还原