【摘要】 率水流域周边农业用地施用的大量化肥为流域内非点源负荷主要来源之一,研究该流域内不同施肥措施对其下游千岛湖水体中氮磷污染控制具有重要意义。通过搭建率水流域SWAT模型,设置化肥减量,粪肥替代和深层施肥3种施肥情景,探究其对流域非点源污染输出的响应特征。结果表明:化肥减量50%可减少约9. 77%的总氮负荷和4. 42%的总磷负荷,粪肥替代化肥对于氮磷负荷的削减率较低,深层施肥的总氮负荷削减率远低于总磷,化肥减量和深层施肥联合措施可分别降低10. 11%和3. 38%的总氮、总磷负荷,即为流域内施肥措施的最佳方案,同时基于SWAT模型的施肥情景模拟对削减流域非点源污染具有参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The large amount of fertilizers applied on the agricultural land around the Shuaishui Watershed is one of the main sources of the non-point source( NPS) load; therefore,it is of great significance to study different fertilization management for NPS-TN and NPS-TP control for the downstream Qiandao Lake water. The SWAT model was established to simulate NPS pollution under three fertilization scenarios: fertilizer reduction,manure substitution and deep fertilization. The results showed that the fertilizer reduction can reduce about 9. 77% of the TN and 4. 42% of the TP load. The NPS-TN load removal rate under deep fertilization is lower than that of the NPS-TP. Reduction rate of nitrogen and phosphorus load of manure substitution is low. The combined measure of fertilizer reduction and deep fertilization could reduce 10. 11% for NPS-TN load and 8. 38% for NPS-TP load,which is the best solution for fertilization management in the basin. In addition,the model-based fertilizer simulation management have guiding significance for reducing NPS pollution.更多还原