【摘要】 传统的水资源分配只注重水资源能带来的经济效益,忽视了其在生态环境中的价值,不利于河流水资源的可持续管理。将河道生态基流视作一类用水部门,通过建立河道生态基流边际效益的计算方法,计算留存在河道中的水资源的边际效益,利用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数,计算三次产业的水资源边际效益,可实现效益最大化下水资源的简单分配。以渭河干流宝鸡段枯水期为例对所建立的方法进行计算,结果表明:2001-2015年第二产业和第三产业的水资源用量少,而边际效益高,可维持现状;河道生态基流和第一产业的水资源边际效益年均值低于5元/m~3,可使两者的边际效益相等,求出枯水期同时满足经济效益和生态效益时的水量为10 m~3/s,此时水资源边际效益为1元/m~3。更多还原

【Abstract】 A key limitation of traditional water resources allocation was that,it only paid attention to the economic benefit of water resources and overlooked its value in the ecological environment,against sustainable management of the rivers. The ecological base flow could be regarded as a water-using department,and the marginal benefit of water remained in the channel was assessed by establishing a new calculation approach. Meanwhile,the marginal benefits of the tertiary industrial water were estimated on the basis of Cobb-Douglas production function. The calculated results were help to achieve the simply allocation of water resources for maximum benefits. Based on the example of the Baoji Section of Weihe River in the dry season,the results indicated that: the water consumption in the secondary industry and tertiary industry decreased from 2001 to 2015,but the marginal benefits were high,and can maintain the status quo; the average marginal benefits of ecological base flow and the primary industry were lower than 5 yuan/m~3. Making them be equal can obtain the allocation of water resources 10 m~3/s between the ecological base flow and the primary industry,and the corresponding economic benefits and ecological benefits can be satisfied,and the marginal benefits were 1 yuan/m~3.更多还原