【摘要】 为研究青杄在不同环境和发育阶段的适应性和生存策略,以关帝山典型森林分布区的青杄(Picea wilsonii)为对象,分析其叶片鲜干比、叶面积、叶绿素和C、N、P含量等重要功能性状在不同年龄(5、15、25、35、45 a)和不同海拔梯度(1 760、1 820、1 880、1 940、2 000 m)上的变化,以及C、N、P在各器官间分配格局随年龄和海拔的时空变化。结果表明:1)随树龄的增加,青杄叶面积、叶鲜干比呈增大趋势,叶P和根P含量呈下降趋势,叶有机碳含量下调,但根有机碳在上调。2)随海拔增加,叶绿素、叶面积显著增加,叶有机碳呈下降趋势,而根有机碳在增加。叶、枝、根中的N、P含量均呈先增加后减小趋势,相比之下,N、P随海拔的变化较有机碳更为显著。3)随树龄增加,C、N、P在各器官间分配格局表现为:P在幼年时于叶、根中分配比例相对较大,成年时主要集中在枝中。在研究的5～45 a范围内,N分配呈叶>枝>根的稳定格局,未随年龄而显著变化。有机碳则在各器官呈近乎均匀分配的基础上随年龄增加根中比例略有增大,相反叶中比例略有下降。C、N、P并未随海拔增加呈现各器官间分配格局上的显著变化。青杄各功能性状随年龄和海拔变化并通过在各器官间相互关联和协调分配来增强其生态适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the adaptability and survival strategies of Picea wilsonii in different environments and development stages,P.wilsonii forest occurring in Guandi Mountain,a typical forest distribution area was selected as the research object to investigate the variations of some important functional traits,including leaf fresh-to-dry ratio,leaf area,contents of chlorophyll,carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus at different ages(5,15,25,35,and 45 a) and different altitudes(1 760,1 820,1 880,1 940,and 2 000 m),and the spatial and temporal variations of distribution pattern of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in various organs with the changes of age and altitude.The results showed that 1) with the increasie of tree age,leaf area and leaf fresh-to-dry ratio presented an upward trend,while the contents of leaf phosphorus and root phosphorus were in a downward trend,leaf organic carbon tended to decrease,while root organic carbon tended to increase.2) With the increase of altitude,chlorophyll content and leaf area increased significantly,leaf organic carbon showed a downward trend,but root organic carbon increased.The nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves,branches and roots increased first and then decreased.In contrast,the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus were more significant than those of organic carbon as altitude changed.3) With the increase of tree age,the distribution patterns of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in various organs showed that phosphorus accounted for a relatively large proportion in the leaves and roots at an early age,and distributed mostly in branches in adulthood.At the age of 5 to 45 a,the nitrogen was stable in the distribution pattern as leaf>branch>root and it did not change significantly with the change of tree age.With the increase of tree age,the organic carbon that distributed uniformly in various organs before increased a little bit in the roots,while decreased slightly in the leaves.Besides,carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus did not show significant changes in the distribution in various organs as altitude increased.The functional traits of the P.wilsonii were related to each other as age and altitude varied,which would enhance the ecological adaptability by coordination distribution.更多还原