【摘要】 为了解土壤结皮对土壤水分空间分布格局的影响过程,以梭梭林下不同类型结皮下样地土壤水分为研究对象,采用分层取样的方法,分别对无结皮(NSC)、物理结皮(PSC)和生物结皮(BSC)样地0～0.5、0.5～10、10～20、20～40、40～60 cm土层的土壤进行采集,并对各层土壤含水量进行测定,分析对比2种结皮发育对土壤水分分布格局的影响作用。结果表明:1)物理结皮与无结皮样地各层土壤含水量变化趋势基本一致,0～20 cm土层的土壤含水量季节性变化幅度都较大,但略低于无结皮样地。而20～60 cm土层的变化幅度较小,无结皮样地长期保持在1.0%～1.3%,物理结皮样地长期保持在0.6%～1.1%之间,显著<无结皮样地(P<0.05),深层土壤渐趋干化。2)生物结皮样地只有0～10 cm土层的变化幅度较大,而10～60 cm土层的变化幅度都较小,长期维持在0.4%～0.8%,土壤严重趋于干化。3)由于生物结皮对入渗水分的截留和阻碍作用,0～0.5 cm土层的土壤含水量显著高于无结皮和物理结皮样地(P<0.05);而0.5～20 cm土层显著低于无结皮和物理结皮样地(P<0.05);同时,20～60 cm土层略<物理结皮样地,且显著<无结皮样地(P<0.05)。由此可见,相对于无结皮样地,物理结皮和生物结皮的覆盖不同程度地影响着土壤水分的空间分布格局,二者的存在不利于水分入渗,并使深层土壤渐趋干化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to understand the effects of soil crust on the spatial distribution pattern of soil moisture,the soil moisture under different types of crusts in Haloxylon ammodendron plantations was studied.Using the stratified sampling method,samples were collected from the soil layers of 0-0.5 cm,0.5-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-40 cm,and 40-60 cm in different types of crusts:no soil crust(NSC),physical soil crusts(PSC) and biological soil crust(BSC),and the soil water content of each layer was measured to analyze the effects of two kinds of crust development on soil water distribution pattern.The results showed that 1) the variation trend of soil moisture content of each layer in PSC and NSC sample plots was basically the same,and the seasonal variation of soil water content in 0-20 cm soil layer was larger,but slightly lower than NSC.While the change range of 20-60 cm soil layer was small.The NSC sample plot was maintained between 1.0% and 1.3% for a long time,and the PSC sample plot maintained between 0.6% and 1.1% for a long time,which was significantly lower than that in NSC plot(P<0.05).The deep soil gradually became dry.2) In BSC plot,there was a large variation range only in 0-10 cm soil layer,while the variation range of 10-60 cm soil layer was small,and it maintained between 0.4% and 0.8% for a long time.The soil was seriously dry.3) Due to the interception and obstruction of BSC on infiltration water,the soil water content of 0～0.5 cm soil layer was significantly higher than those in NSC and PSC plots(P<0.05); while the soil water content of 0.5～20 cm soil layer was significantly lower than those in NSC and PSC plots(P<0.05).At the same time,the soil water content of 20-60 cm soil layer was slightly lower than that in PSC plot,and significantly lower than that in NSC plot(P<0.05).It could be seen that compared with NSC,the PSC and BSC affected the spatial distribution pattern of soil moisture in different extents.The existence of PSC and BSC was not conducive to water infiltration and making the deep soil gradually dry.更多还原