【摘要】 "5·12"汶川大地震后,城市供水系统在震时的功能失效状况及震后的应急保障成为社会关注的焦点问题.西安市地处汾渭地震带,地震灾害发生的可能性较大,对震时西安市供水系统可能出现的本源失效模式、工艺失效模式、分散失效模式、用户失效模式及混合失效模式等5种系统功能失效模式进行了分析,通过分析表明除混合失效模式外,通过挖掘现有供水能力可基本解决居民最低生活用水问题,不会引起大的社会恐慌;同时针对西安市供水系统灾后可能面临的生物污染、重金属污染、有机类污染等污染情景,提出了相应的应急处理方法.更多还原

【Abstract】 After the earthquake occurred in Wenchuan on May 12,emergency measures and restoration capabilities of water supply systems become the focus.Located in the Fen-Wei Seismic Belt,Xi′an is potentially a place where earthquakes are likely to take place.Based on the study of the water supply system of Xi′an,the five failure modes of Xi′an water supply system are analyzed:origin failure mode,process failure mode,dispersion failure mode,customers′ failure mode and mixed failure mode.By the analysis it is found that the supply can meet the basic need of urban residents by exploiting potentialities and it will not cause social panic.And according to many pollution situations,such as heavy metal pollution,biological pollution,organic pollution and so on,several emergency plans and restoration measures are proposed for the management and emergency treatment of water supply systems.更多还原