【摘要】 通过分析博物馆馆藏文物的悬吊、固定、浮放等基本放置形式,探讨了文物的陈列特征及其可能造成的震害因素。综合考察和分析研究了国内外浮放式物体及陈列文物的运动状态,指出陈列文物在地震发生时的主要危害性运动是滑移和倾覆。根据相关浮放物在地震作用下的计算方法、上海博物馆文物的陈列特征及防震设计参数,提出简便实用的浮放式陈列文物稳定性计算模型,编制了适合上海博物馆文物安全性分析的计算程序。并以上海博物馆文物陈列的3类接触材料、4楼中国古代玉器馆的典型陈列文物为试点,计算了陈列文物在地震中遭受破坏的临界值。表明在设防水准的大震和中震情况下,目前陈列现状的绝大多数文物均存在倾覆和滑移安全隐患,但当文物所受到的地震动减小到110gal时可满足陈列安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 By analyzing the basic setting form of the exhibiting relics’ suspension, fixing, setting on the surface and so on, the exhibiting characteristics of the cultural relics and its shock harm factor have been discussed . Synthetically inspecting, analyzing and researching the movement condition about the objects setting on the surface and the exhibiting cultural relics in or out of our country, point out that for the exhibit- ing cultural relics, the main harmful movements are: slippage, shaking to capsizing when earthquake occurs . According to the relative computational methods for the objects setting on the surface under the earthquake s acting, the exhibiting characteristics of the cultural relics in the Shanghai museum and its resistance designing parameters, guide and submit a simple, practical and much more for safety computational model. The model is of a certain currency, that can be used to compute the critical value of the movement about the slippage and displacement, capsizing destroy when meeting the quake for the exhibiting cultural relics setting on the surface, including the shape size, the center of gravity, bearing surface frictional coefficients and the horizontal motion value for the exhibiting cultural relics. According to the motion response parameters at the every floor to the museum building under the resistance quake protection level s motion for the museum cultural relics, cultural relics exhibiting characteristics and so on, design a special computing program. It can be used to analyze and judge the quake safety for the cultural relics simply and quickly according to the cultural relics’ characteristic and exhibiting way parameters. As a sample adopting,3 types touching materials used in Shanghai museum exhibiting cultural relics, the typical exhibiting cultural relics in the Ancient Chinese jade gallery at the fourth floor,sort,by computing and judging the cultural relics stability under 3 types of site motions, gain the critical values for the exhibiting cultural relics when meet the quake. The results show that under the large and middle quake on the fortify level, there exist capsizing and slippage safety hidden troubles for the ’almost all exhibiting cultural relics at current condition. The results also show that when the motion value at the floor from 566 gal decrease to 110 gal the overwhelming majority cultural relics are satisfied stable condition. That told us, by adopting a suitable motion isolating or reducing methods to decrease the motion value to 110 gal for exhibiting cultural relics,the exhibiting cultural relics can’t be destroyed in the quake,achieve the purpose of the resistance protection. It should be point out that the results got here are achieved by some assumption conditions,for example,no consideration to the natural period, amplifying effect of the exhibiting cabinet and so on. It should be considered to pay attention to these assumption condition when design or select a suitable motion reducing or isolating method.更多还原